Table of Contents

BIOMECHANICS: Patient Preparation.- Initial arches to align and level the occlusal plane.- Rotated teeth.- Extraction spaces.- Anchorage control.- Rational use of elastics.- Ideal final arches. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: Correction of the lower anterior crowding.- Correction of Class II in adult patients.- Normalization of the deep-bite.- The best protocol to extraction cases.- Lingual orthodontics in children. FINISHING IN LINGUAL ORTHODONTICS: Finishing procedures: how to enhance esthetics.- Long term results.- Summary and outlook.

About the Author

Dr. Julia Harfin is Professor and Chairman of the Orthodontic Department at the School of Dentistry, Maimonides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dr. Harfin was a member of the Executive Committee of the World Federation of Orthodontists from 2000 to 2010 and served as President of the International College of Dentists, Section IV (South America), from 2010 to 2012. She is also a Past President of the Argentine Society of Orthodontics, ALADO, the International College of Dentists (Argentine Chapter), and the Pierre Fauchard Academy (Argentine Chapter). She is an Honorary Member of the Chilean and Polish Orthodontic Societies. Dr. Harfin is the author of many journal articles and book chapters as well as two books, Orthodontic Treatment in Adult Patients (Editorial Medica Panamericana, 1st edn. 1999, 2nd edn. 2005) and Clinical Lingual Orthodontics (Editorial Medica Panamericana, 2009). She has delivered more than 200 courses throughout the world.Dr. Augusto Urena is Associate Professor in the Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Maimonides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina and is Director of the Clinical Orthodontic Department at the same university. Dr. Urena has been a Lecturer at the University of Buenos Aires, El Salvador University, and the Argentine Society of Orthodontics, among others. He has also delivered more than 20 lectures at the Orthodontic Societies of the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Brasil, Chile, Australia, and Paraguay. He is co-author of the book Clinical Lingual Orthodontics (Editorial Medica Panamericana, 2009).