Table of Contents

Introduction 1. History 2. Economic Profile 3. Political Profile 4. Cultural Profile Conclusion

About the Author

Hong Shen is a Systems Scientist at the Human-Computer Interaction Institute at Carnegie Mellon University, USA. Her research primarily focuses on the social and policy implications of information technologies, and global Internet industry and policy (with an emphasis on China). She also teaches Critical AI Studies for Public Policy and Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, Ethics in Sociotechnical Systems.