Table of Contents

Contributors, xi
Preface, xxii


How to use this book, xxiii


Section 1: Counseling and preparation phase


1 Risk of cancer from ovarian stimulation, 3

Nikos Kanakas, Miltiadis Pitsos and Themis Mantzavinos


2 Risk of early menopause following IVF treatment, 7

Sesh Kamal Sunkara


3 The HIV positive female, 9

Joshua U. Klein and Mark V. Sauer


4 The HIV positive male, 13

Mark V. Sauer and Joshua U. Klein


5 The hepatitis B/C carrier patient, 17

Suzanne P.M. Lutgens, I.H.M. Van Loo, E.C.M. Nelissen and G.A.J.
Dunselman


6 The patient with cystic fibrosis, 21

Tarek El-Toukhy


7 The patient on medication, 25

Arri Coomarasamy


8 The patient with thrombophilia, 29

Ying C. Cheong and N.S. Macklon


9 The patient with autoimmune disorders, 34

Jos´e Bellver


10 The patient with malignant disease: fertility preservation,
38

Arri Coomarasamy


11 The patient with heart disease, 43

Natasha Thorogood and Catherine Nelson-Piercy


12 The patient with diabetes, 48

Neelam Potdar and Justin C. Konje


13 The patient with thyroid disease, 51

Shiao Chan


14 The patient with hyperprolactinemia, 56

John Ayuk


15 The patient with polycystic ovaries, 61

Adam H. Balen


16 The renal transplant patient and IVF, 65

Lynne Robinson and Clara Day


17 The patient with previous pelvic irradiation, 69

Vishvanath C. Karande


18 Fertility after chemotherapy, 73

Nivedita Reddy


19 The patient with abnormal cervical cytology, 77

Mahmood I. Shafi


20 The patient with previous borderline ovarian tumor, 80

Arri Coomarasamy and Kavita Singh


21 The patient with an endometrioma, 83

Luciano G. Nardo and Oybek Rustamov


22 The patient with cervical stenosis, 86

Khaldoun Sharif


23 Vaccination and ART, 90

Arri Coomarasamy and Dukaydah van der Berg


24 The patient with hydrosalpinx, 95

Annika Strandell


25 The patient with poor ovarian reserve, 99

Scott M. Nelson


26 The patient with congenital uterine anomalies, 105

Sarah Creighton and Lina Michala


27 The patient with congenital cervico-vaginal anomalies,
109

Sarah Creighton and Lina Michala


28 The patient with uterine fibroids, 112

Haitham Hamoda and Yakoub Khalaf


29 The patient with previous Essure® sterilization,
115

T. Justin Clark


30 The patient with previous endometrial ablation, 119

T. Justin Clark


31 The couple with recurrent implantation failure, 124

Tarek El-Toukhy


32 The patient with previous uterine artery embolization,
128

Haitham Hamoda and Yakoub Khalaf


33 Endometrial polyp detected during ART treatment, 131

Arri Coomarasamy


34 The obese patient, 135

Mostafa Metwally and Bolarinde Ola


35 Asherman syndrome, 139

Dan Yu, Enlan Xia and T.C. Li


36 The older patient, 142

William Ledger


37 Requests for mild or natural cycle IVF treatment, 146

Brad B. Swelstad and Suheil J. Muasher


38 The ART patient with psychosexual problems, 150

Sue Elkin


39 The patient needing third-party reproduction, 153

Madhurima Rajkhowa


40 Request for ?social egg freezing?, 159

Valerie L. Peddie and Siladitya Bhattacharya


41 The patient with bariatric surgery, 165

Zaher O. Merhi and Harry J. Lieman


Section 2: Pituitary suppression and ovarian stimulation
phase


42 Poor response during ovarian stimulation, 171

Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy


43 Ovarian stimulation for IVF in a patient with previous severe
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, 175

Khaldoun Sharif


44 Unable to achieve pituitary down-regulation, 178

K. Jayaprakasan and Nick Raine-Fenning


45 The patient discovered pregnant during pituitary
down-regulation, 184

Mohammed Khairy Mahmoud and Arri Coomarasamy


46 Ovarian cysts following pituitary down-regulation, 188

Alison Taylor


47 Poor endometrial development, 192

Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy


48 Missed IVF medications, 201

Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy


49 The patient with a history of estrogen-receptor positive
cancer, 205

Murat So¨nmezer and Kutluk Oktay


50 The patient over-responding to controlled ovarian stimulation
during IVF, 208

Khaldoun Sharif


Section 3: Oocyte retrieval


51 General anesthesia or sedation for oocyte retrieval?,
215

Andrew F. Malins


52 Delayed oocyte retrieval, 219

Khaldoun Sharif


53 Empty follicle syndrome, 223

George Ndukwe


54 Bleeding following oocyte retrieval, 227

Annika K. Ludwig and Barbara Sonntag


55 To flush or not to flush follicles at oocyte retrieval?,
232

Micah J. Hill and Eric D. Levens


56 Inaccessible ovaries at oocyte retrieval, 236

Hazem Al-Rumaih


57 Endometriotic cysts at oocyte retrieval, 239

Graciela Kohls and Juan A. Garc´?a-Velasco


Section 4: Embryo transfer


58 Couple splitting while embryos are in storage, 245

Masoud Afnan


59 Endometrial cavity fluid identified during IVF treatment,
249

Arri Coomarasamy


60 Difficult embryo transfer, 252

Khaldoun Sharif


61 Excessive cervical mucus and retained embryo at embryo
transfer, 257

Hassan N. Sallam, Ahmed F. Galal and Fady S. Moeity


62 Life after embryo transfer, 261

Kelton Tremellen


Section 5: The luteal phase


63 Vaginal bleeding in the luteal phase after IVF, 267

Carol Coughlan and Bolarinde Ola


64 Pelvic infection after IVF, 271

Muhammad Faisal Aslam


65 The patient presenting with ovarian hyperstimulation
syndrome, 274

Khaldoun Sharif


66 Adnexal torsion after IVF, 279

Saioa Torrealday and Beth W. Rackow


67 Exposure to infection in the luteal phase of IVF, 283

Litha Pepas and Arri Coomarasamy




Section 6: The ART laboratory


68 Total failure of fertilization after conventional IVF -
rescue ICSI, 291

A. Albert Yuzpe


69 Couples not wishing to create surplus embryos in IVF,
296

Hossam Mohamed


70 Aneuploidy screening for advanced maternal age or repeated
IVF failure, 300

Haitham Hamoda and Yacoub Khalaf


71 Choosing an embryo for transfer, 304

Denny Sakkas


72 Globozoospermia, 308

Steven Mansell, Anne Rice, Catherine Beaton and Christopher L.R.
Barratt


73 Total failure of fertilization after ICSI, 313

Kaoru Yanagida


74 Refreezing of embryos, 317

Jerome H. Check


75 Infection in embryo culture medium, 320

Peter M.M. Kastrop


76 ICSI or IVF in nonmale-factor infertility?, 324

Mohamed Aboulghar


77 The ART program during a natural or human-made disaster,
328

Richard P. Dickey and Carla White


78 Using the wrong sperm or embryos in IVF, 331

Khaldoun Sharif and Mutaz Al-Ahmad


Section 7: The male patient


79 Unexpected inability to produce a semen sample on the day of
oocyte retrieval, 337

Khaldoun Sharif


80 The azoospermic patient, 340

Khaldoun Sharif


81 ART in men with Klinefelter syndrome, 344

Ronnie G. Fine and Darius A. Paduch


82 ART in men with 100% immotile sperm, 349

Carolina Ortega-Hrepich, Dominique Raick and Herman
Tournaye


83 Request for posthumous fatherhood with perimortem surgical
sperm retrieval, 353

Zamip P. Patel, Heather E. Ross and Lawrence S. Ross


84 Retrograde ejaculation and anejaculation, 360

Asif Muneer and Anthony Hirsh


85 Sperm retrieval in cancerous testes, 364

Saad Aldousari and Armand Zini


86 Leukocytospermia and ART, 367

Giuseppe Ricci


87 The infertile male patient with a genetic cause, 371

Katherine L. O?Flynn O?Brien and Ashok
Agarwal


88 Y chromosome microdeletions and ART, 376

Sherman J. Silber


Section 8: The ART pregnancy


89 Unexpected number or gender of babies after IVF, 383

Khaldoun Sharif


90 Suspected ectopic pregnancy after IVF, 387

Vishvanath C. Karande


91 Cervical ectopic pregnancy after IVF, 391

Usha Verma


92 Heterotopic pregnancy after IVF, 396

Abdel-Maguid Ramzy


93 Multi-fetal pregnancy reduction after ART, 400

R. Katie Morris and Mark D. Kilby


94 Multiple pregnancy after IVF: to cerclage or not to cerclage?
405

Harold Gee


95 Hyperreactio luteinalis after IVF, 409

Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezhad, Leila Forooghinia and Maryam
Parsa-Nezhad


96 Lactation by a commissioning mother in surrogacy, 412

Frank P. Biervliet and Stephen L. Atkin


Section 9: General issues


97 Dealing with the emotional distress following failed IVF,
417

Linda Hammer Burns


98 IVF when the prognosis is very poor or futile, 421

Khaldoun Sharif


99 Unexpected drop in the ART clinic pregnancy rate, 425

Bulent Urman and Kayhan Yakin


100 Natural fertility after IVF, 430

Frank Nawroth and Annika K. Ludwig


Index, 433

About the Author

Khaldoun Sharif, MBBCh, MD, FRCOG, MFFP, Istishari FertilityCenter, Istishari Hospital, Amman, Jordan Arri Coomarasamy, MBChB, MD, MRCOG, Birmingham Women'sHospital, University of Birmingham, UK