Table of Contents

Book 1:
INTRODUCTION ix
Readings Grammar
1 ? ??????????? (?) 2 1. Verb Forms: Stems and Endings 4
2. Nouns: Genders, Stems, Endings, Cases, and Agreement 4
3. Labeling Functions of Words in Sentences 6
The Athenian Farmer 6 4. Use of the Definite Article 6
? ??????????? (?) 8 5. Accents 9
? ?????? 10
Classical Greek: Heraclitus 11
New Testament Greek: Title of the Gospel of Luke 11
2 ? ??????? (?) 12 1. Verb Forms: Indicative Mood; 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Persons Singular 13
2. Proclitics 14
3. The Imperative 15
Slavery 15
Greek Wisdom: Cleobulus of Lindos 16
? ??????? (?) 18 4. Articles, Adjectives, and Nouns; Singular, All Cases 20
5. Uses of the Cases 20
6. Persistent Accent of Nouns and Adjectives 20
7. Recessive Accent of Verbs 21
? ?????? 22
Classical Greek: Callimachus 23
New Testament Greek: Luke 3.22 23
3 ? ?????? (?) 24 1.Verb Forms: 3rd Person Plural, Imperatives, and Infinitives 26
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The Deme and the Polis 28
? ?????? (?) 30 2. Articles, Adjectives, and Nouns; Singular and Plural, All Cases 31
3. Accent Shifting 32
?? ???? 34
Classical Greek: Menander 35
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.46 35
4 ???? ??? ?????? (?) 36 1. Verb Forms: All Persons, Singular and Plural 38
2. Declensions of Nouns and Adjectives 40
3. Feminine Nouns and Adjectives of the 1st Declension 40
Women 43
Greek Wisdom: Pittacus of Mitylene 45
???? ??? ?????? (?) 46 4. Masculine Nouns of the 1st Declension 47
5. Feminine Nouns of the 2nd Declension 48
6. 1st and 2nd Declension Adjectives 48
7. Formation of Adverbs 50
8. The Definite Article as Case Indicator 50
?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? 51
Classical Greek: Callimachus 53
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.45 53
5 ? ????? (?) 54 1. Contract Verbs in -?- 56
2. Recessive Accent of Finite Verbs 56
3. Article at the Beginning of a Clause 58
4. Elision 58
Gods and Men 59
Greek Wisdom: Chilon of Sparta 61
? ????? (?) 62 5. Agreement of Subject and Verb 64
6. Personal Pronouns 64
7. Attributive and Predicate Position 66
8. Possessives 66
9. The Adjective ?????, -?, -? 68
? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? 69
Greek Wisdom: The Seven Wise Men 70
Classical Greek: Anacreon 71
New Testament Greek: Luke 4.22 and 24 71
6 ? ????? (?) 72 1. Verb Forms: ???? 74
2. Verbs: Voice 75
3. Verb Forms: Middle Voice 76
4. Deponent Verbs 78
Myth 81
? ????? (?) 84 5. Middle Voice: Meaning 86
6. Some Uses of the Dative Case 88
7. Prepositions 89
? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? 91
Classical Greek: Marriage 93
New Testament Greek: Luke 13.10-16 93
7 ? ?????? (?) 94 1. Substantive Use of Adjectives 96
2. Nouns: Declensions 97
3. 3rd Declension Consonant Stem Nouns: Velar and Dental Stems 97
4. Reflexive Pronouns 100
Homer 102
? ?????? (?) 104 5. 3rd Declension Consonant Stem Nouns: Nasal Stems 106
6. 3rd Declension Consonant Stem Nouns: Labial and Liquid Stems 107
7. A 3rd Declension Adjective: ??????, ??????, of sound mind; prudent; self-controlled 107
8. The Interrogative Pronoun and Adjective 108
9. The Indefinite Pronoun and Adjective 109
? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? 110
Classical Greek: Sophocles 111
Greek Wisdom: Thales of Miletus 111
8 ???? ?? ???? (?) 112 1. Participles: "Present" or Progressive: Middle Voice 114
Athens: A Historical Outline 117
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Classical Greek: Archilochus 121
New Testament Greek: Luke 5.20-21 121
???? ?? ???? (?) 122 2. 3rd Declension Consonant Stem Nouns: Stems in -?- 124
3. Two Important Irregular Nouns: ? ????, ??? ????????, woman; wife, and ? ????, ??? ??????, hand 125
4. 1st/3rd Declension Adjective ???, ????, ???, all; every; whole 126
Greek Wisdom: Periander of Corinth 127 5. Numbers 128
6. Expressions of Time When, Duration of Time, and Time within Which 128
? ???????? ??? ? ?????? 130
Classical Greek: Sappho: The Deserted Lover: A Girl's Lament 131
9 ? ????????? (?) 132 1. Participles: Present or Progressive: Active Voice 135
The City of Athens 139
? ????????? (?) 142 2. 3rd Declension Nouns with Stems Ending in -??- 145
3. 3rd Declension Nouns with Stems Ending in a Vowel: ? ????? and ?? ???? 145
4. 3rd Declension Nouns with Stems Ending in Diphthongs or Vowels: ? ???????? and the Irregular Nouns ? ???? and ? ????
146
5. Uses of the Genitive Cases 147
6. Some Uses of the Article 148
? ???????? ??? ? ????? 149
Classical Greek: Simonides 151
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.31-33: The Sermon on the Mount 151
REVIEW OF VERB FORMS 152
PREVIEW OF NEW VERB FORMS 154
10 ? ??????? (?) 156 1.Verb Forms: Verbs with sigmatic Futures 158
2. Verb Forms: The Asigmatic Contract Future of Verbs in ???? 159
3. Verb Forms: The Sigmatic Future of Contract Verbs 159
4. Verb Forms: Verbs with Deponent Futures 159
Festivals 162
Classical Greek: Theognis 163
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.35-36: The Sermon on the Mount 163
? ??????? (?) 164 5. Verb Forms: The Asigmatic Contract Future of Verbs with Liquid and Nasal Stems 166
6.The Irregular Verb ???? 168
7. Future Participle to Express Purpose 170
8. Impersonal Verbs 170
9. Review of Questions 171
? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? 171
Classical Greek: Menander 173
New Testament Greek: Luke 5.30-32 173
11 ? ?????? (?) 174 1. Verb Forms: Past Tense: The Aorist 176
2. Verb Forms: The Thematic 2nd Aorist 177
3. Aspect 178
4. Thematic 2nd Aorist Active and Middle Participles 180
5. Verb Forms: Common Verbs with Thematic 2nd Aorists 180
Greek Science and Medicine 183
Classical Greek: Theognis 185
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.20-21: The Beatitudes 185
? ?????? (?) 186 6. Verbs with Thematic 2nd Aorists from Unrelated Stems 189
7. Accents on Thematic 2nd Aorist Active Imperatives 189
8. Augment 190
? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? 192
New Testament Greek: Luke 6.27-29: The Sermon on the Mount 193
12 ???? ??? ??????? (?) 194 1. Verb Forms: Past Tense: The Sigmatic 1st Aorist 196
2. Sigmatic 1st Aorist Active and Middle Participles 199
Trade and Travel 200
Classical Greek: Scolion: The Four Best Things in Life 203
New Testament Greek: Luke 15.3-7: The Parable of the Lost Sheep 203
???? ??? ??????? (?) 204 3. Verb Forms: The Asigmatic 1st Aorist of Verbs with Liquid and Nasal Stems 207
4. Irregular Sigmatic 1st Aorists 208
5. Verb Forms: Augment of Compound Verbs 209
? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? 210
Greek Wisdom: Bias of Priene 211
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13 ???? ??? ???????? (?) 212 1. Verb Forms: The Imperfect or Past Progressive Tense 213
2. Aspect 216
The Rise of Persia 218
???? ??? ???????? (?) 222 3. Relative Clauses 224
4. 3rd Declension Nouns and Adjectives with Stems in -??- 226
5. 1st/3rd Declension Adjective with 3rd Declension Stems in -?- and -?- 227
? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????? 228
Greek Wisdom: Solon of Athens 230
Classical Greek: Archilochus 231
CONTENTS
Introduction, iii
Chapter 1, ? ???????????, 1
Reading: ? ?????, 3
Chapter 2, ? ???????, 4
Reading: ???? ??????????, 7
Chapter 3, ? ??????, 8
Reading: ? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????, 11
Chapter 4, ???? ??? ??????, 12
Reading: ? ???????? ??? ? ?????, 17
Chapter 5, ? ?????, 18
Grammar: Clauses of Result with ????, 20
Reading: ? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????, 24
Vocabulary: Chapters 1-5, 25
Chapter 6, ? ?????, 28
Reading: ? ??????????? ?????????, 32
Chapter 7, ? ??????, 34
Reading: ?? ??? ????? ?????, 37
Chapter 8, ???? ?? ????, 39
Reading: ?? ???? ???? ???????????? ????????, 40
Reading: ? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????, 46
Chapter 9, ? ?????????, 49
Reading: ?? ??? ???????? ????, 53
Vocabulary: Chapters 6-9, 55
Chapter 10, ? ???????, 59
Reading: ?? ?????? ???????, 61
Grammar: ??????? and ????, 63
Reading: ? ???????? ?????? ?????, 66
Chapter 11, ? ??????, 68
Grammar: Some Common Verbs with Thematic 2nd Aorists, 68
Grammar: Some Common Verbs with Thematic 2nd Aorists from Unrelated Stems, 72
Reading: ?? ??? ??????, 74
Chapter 12, ???? ??? ???????, 78
Grammar: Some Irregular Sigmatic 1st Aorists, 81
Reading: ? ???? ????? ?????, 83
Chapter 13, ???? ??? ????????, 85
Reading: ? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????, 91
Vocabulary: Chapters 10-13, 93
Chapter 14, ? ?? ???? ??????????? ????, 97
Grammar: Review of Uses of the Cases, 99
Reading: ??? ???????? ?????????, 104
Chapter 15, ? ?? ??? ???????? ????, 109
Reading: ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????????, 114
Chapter 16, ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????, 117
Reading: ? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????, 118
Grammar: Review of Prepositions, 120
Reading: ? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????, 125
Vocabulary: Chapters 14-16, 130
Answer Key, 134

Book 2

CONTENTS
Introduction, v
Chapter 17, ? ????????? (?), 1
Reading: ??????? ????? I, 5
Chapter 17, ? ????????? (?), 6
Reading: ??????? ????? II, 9
Chapter 18, ? ????????? (?), 10
Reading: ??????? ????? III, 13
Chapter 18, ? ????????? (?), 14
Reading: ??????? ????? III, 17
Chapter 19, ? ?????? (?), 19
Reading: ??????? ????? IV, 23
Chapter 19, ? ?????? (?), 24
Reading: ??????? ????? V, 29
Chapter 20, ? ?????? (?), 30
Reading: ??????? ????? VI, 33
Chapter 20, ? ?????? (?), 35
Reading: ??????? ????? VII, 39
Vocabulary: Chapters 17-20, 40
Chapter 21, ? ???????? (?), 44
Reading: ??????? ????? VIII, 49
Chapter 21, ? ???????? (?), 50
Reading: ??????? ????? IX, 53
Chapter 22, ? ????????? (?), 55
Reading: ??????? ????? X, 59
Chapter 22, ? ????????? (?), 60
Reading: ??????? ????? XI, 63
Chapter 23, ? ?????? (?), 64
Reading: ??????? ????? XII, 67
Chapter 23, ? ?????? (?), 69
Reading: ??????? ????? XIII, 73
Chapter 24, ?? ?????????? (?), 74
Reading: ??????? ????? XIV, 77
Chapter 24, ?? ?????????? (?), 78
Reading: ??????? ????? XV, 81
Vocabulary: Chapters 21-24, 82
Chapter 25, ? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? (?), 87
Reading: ??????? ????? XVI, 91
Chapter 25, ? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? (?), 92
Reading: ??????? ????? XVII, 95
Chapter 26, ? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? (?), 96
Reading: ??????? ????? XVIII, 99
Chapter 26, ? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? (?), 101
Reading: ??????? ????? XIX, 103
Chapter 27, ? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? (?), 105
Reading: ??????? ????? XX, 109
Chapter 27, ? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? (?), 110
Reading: ??????? ????? XXI, 113
Chapter 28, ? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? (?), 114
Reading: ??????? ????? XXII, 119
Chapter 28, ? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? (?), 120
Reading: ??????? ????? XXIII, 123
Vocabulary: Chapters 25-28, 124
Chapter 29, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? (?), 128
Reading: ??????? ????? XXIV, 129
Chapter 29, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? (?), 131
Reading: ??????? ????? XXV, 133
Chapter 29, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? (?), 134
Reading: ??????? ????? XXVI, 135
Chapter 29, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? (?), 136
Reading: ??????? ????? XXVII, 137
Chapter 29, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? (?), 138
Reading: ??????? ????? XXVIII, 139
Chapter 30, ??????? (?), 141
Reading: ??????? ????? XXIX, 143
Chapter 30, ??????? (?), 144
Reading: ??????? ????? XXX, 145
Chapter 30, ??????? (?), 146
Reading: ??????? ????? XXXI, 147
Chapter 30, ??????? (?), 148
Reading: ??????? ????? XXXII, 149
Vocabulary: Chapters 29-30, 152
Supplementary Grammar, 156
Aspect, Time, and Tense, 156
Articles, 162
Uses of the Cases, 166
Correlatives: Interrogative, Indefinite, Demonstrative, and Relative Pronouns and Adjectives, 172
Uses of ????, 175
Uses of ??, 176
Uses of the Negative, 178
Uses of the Participle, 181
Third Person Imperatives, 184
Review of Prepositions, 186
Answer Key, 189
Chapters 17-30, 189
Supplementary Grammar, 213
The Tablet of Cebes XXXIII-XLI, 217

About the Author

James Morwood was elected to a Fellowship at Wadham College in 1966, where he taught and served as Dean of Degrees, Steward of Common Room, and Dean (the last post from 2000 to 2006). He became an Emeritus Fellow in 2006 and remains Editor of the Wadham Gazette. He still does some teaching at the college.
James was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he sat Part I of the Classical Tripos and Part II of the English Tripos. After a year at Merton College, Oxford on the course for the Diploma of Education, he went to Harrow School in September 1966 to teach Classics and English. He spent 30 years at Harrow, the last seventeen of them as Head of Classics. He was deeply involved in school journalism and drama, working with Richard Curtis and Ben Cumberbatch among many others. He was librarian
for more than eleven years, and sat on and later chaired the school's Treasures Committee, a body which brought into existence the Old Speech Room Gallery.

In 1996 he moved to Oxford University and took up the post of Grocyn Lecturer in the Classics Faculty and served for a year as President of the Oxford Philological Society.

James has been a committed member of the Joint Association of Classical teachers and held the Presidency of the Association for 1999-2001, becoming an Honorary Member in 2011. He was President of the London Association of Classical Teachers for 1995-6; has been a regular tutor at the JACT Greek Summer School at Cheltenham and Bryanston since 1970, serving as its Director of Studies, and its Director. He also teaches Classics and English literature at the University of Cambridge Institute of
Continuing Education.

With Eric Dugdale, he is currently editing a new series entitiled 'Greece and Rome: Texts and Contexts'. His revision of the Oxford Latin Course for North American college students was published in January 2012; his book on Hadrian (Bloomsbury) was published in the summer 2013.

Current projects include an edition of Virgil, Aeneid 3 (with Stephen Heyworth), an edition (with Chris Collard) of Euripedes' Iphegenia at Aulis and A Little Greek Reader (with Stephen Anderson-Oxford University Press). He lectures on cruises in the Adriatic and Agean, last September sailing from Istanbul to Athens.