Table of Contents

List of Figures and Tables
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction
Robert H. Watrel and Erin K. Fouberg
Chapter 2: Primary Elections
The 2016 Presidential Primary Campaigns
Fred M. Shelley and Ashley M. Hitt
2016 Presidential Primaries: Michigan
Lisa M. DeChano-Cook
Chapter 3: The Campaign
The 2016 Campaign
John Heppen
Donorsheds: Individual Contributions to Clinton and Trump
Carl T. Dahlman
Campaign Expenditures in the 2016 Election
Chris Maier
Campaign Stops
J. Clark Archer and Jill A. Archer
Place Name Use in the 2016 Presidential Debates
Matthew Balentine and Gerald R. Webster
Vote Fraud or Vote Suppression: The Debate Before and After the 2016 Election
Richard L. Engstrom
Newspaper Endorsements of Presidential Candidates in the 2016 Election
Lindy Westenhoff and Gerald R. Webster
Misogyny, Twitter, and the Rural Voter
Monica Stephens, Li Tong, Scott Hale and Mark Graham
Chapter 4: Outcomes
Results of the 2016 Presidential Election at the State and County Levels
Fred M. Shelley, John Heppen and Richard L. Morrill
Voter Participation
Chris Maier
Statistical Analysis of the 2016 Election in Historical Perspective
Fred M. Shelley, Robert H. Watrel and J. Clark Archer
Spatial Analysis of the 2016 Election
John Heppen
Metropolitan Concentration of the Democratic Vote
Richard L. Morrill and Jason Combs
The 2016 Presidential Vote: The Rural Vote
Jeff Crump
Micropolitan County Voting
Jason Combs
Flipped Counties in the 2016 Election
Jason Combs
An Increasingly Polarized America?
Ron Johnston, Kelvyn Jones and David Manley
Election Outcomes: Absolute and Relative
Richard L. Morrill and Kimberly K. Johnson
Chapter 5: Regions
Northeast
William Berentsen
Appalachia
Ken C. Martis
Southeast
Jonathan I. Leib
Midwest
John Heppen
Great Plains
Robert H. Watrel
Mountain West
Tony Robinson
Pacific
John Agnew
Chapter 6: Demographics and Identity
Population Subgroups
Richard L. Morrill
Hispanic Voting Trends and Issues in the 2016 Presidential Election
Ryan Weichelt
Asian American Vote
Daniel McGowin
Gender and Voting in the 2016 Election
Fiona Davidson
Religion and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election
Fred M. Shelley
Bible Belt
Gerald R. Webster and Daniel McGowin
Trump, Brexit and the Global Revolt of the “Left Behind”
Ron Johnston, David Manley and Kelvyn Jones
Chapter 7: Congressional Elections and Roll Call Votes
Membership, Party, and Caucuses in the 114th Congress
Erin H. Fouberg
114th Congress Roll-Call Votes
Erin H. Fouberg
Overview of the 2016 Senate Elections
Ryan Weichelt
2016 Wisconsin Senate Election
Kenneth French
2016 Minnesota 2nd Congressional District Election
Samuel Loftsgaarden
Symbiotic Elections: The 2016 Arizona Senate and 1st Congressional District
Levi John Wolf
Obamacare and the 2016 Election
Ryan Weichelt
Chapter 8: State Elections, Local Elections and Referenda
Persistence and Change in State and Local Elections
Richard L. Morrill
Missouri Gubernatorial Election 2016
Matthew Engel
Seattle’s 2013 Vote on Election of Council by District
Richard L. Morrill and Ben Anderstone
Montana 2016: Conservativism vs. Contrarianism?
Larry Knopp
North Carolina Gubernatorial Election, 2016
Katie Weichelt
How Laquan McDonald's Shooting “Shook” up the Cook County State's Attorney Election
Megan A. Gall and Jennifer L. Patin
Comparison of 2012 and 2016 Presidential Results for Wisconsin Voting Districts
Ryan Weichelt
Marijuana Legalization Votes in 2016
Richard L. Morrill and Larry Knopp
Precinct Level Analysis in Washington: Minimum Wage versus the Presidency
Ben Anderstone and Richard L. Morrill
Chapter 9: The 2016 Election and Beyond
J. Clark Archer, Robert H. Watrel, Fiona Davidson, Erin H. Fouberg, Kenneth C. Martis, Richard L. Morrill, Fred M. Shelley, and Gerald R. Webster
Index

About the Author

Robert H. Watrel is associate professor of geography at South Dakota State University.
Ryan Weichelt is associate professor of geography at the University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire.
Fiona M. Davidson is associate professor of geography at the University of Arkansas.
John Heppen is professor of geography at the University of Wisconsin–River Falls.
Erin H. Fouberg is professor of geography at Northern State University.
J. Clark Archer is professor of geography at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
Richard L. Morrill is emeritus professor of geography at the University of Washington.
Fred M. Shelley is professor of geography at the University of Oklahoma.
Kenneth C. Martis is emeritus professor of geography at West Virginia University.

Reviews

A comprehensive, clearly and objectively written, and fascinating work…. A bonanza for undergraduates in particular, as well as high school students and general readers with a keen interest in politics, and even political and government professionals. A must-have.
*Library Journal, Starred Review*

Illustrated in multiple colors with easy-to-read type and printed on durable coated paper, this beautifully designed unique work should become an important reference work on this election.
*American Reference Books Annual*

The Atlas of the 2016 Elections is a valuable addition for any political library. The Atlas combines more than 150 maps and insightful analysis.... In sum, this book is a treasure, providing many useful insights on the campaign.
*Democracy in Action*

There’s no better way to understand an election than through maps, and there’s no better source for maps of the 2016 elections than the Atlas of the 2016 Elections. This book is every elections junkie’s dream, featuring crisp, original maps and sharp summaries from some of the finest elections scholars in the world. The Atlas is an absolute must-have for anyone interested in the way elections work.
*Sean Trende, Senior Elections Analyst, RealClearPolitics*

The Atlas of the 2016 Elections is an indispensable guide to one of the most consequential elections of modern times. The mix of evocative maps and prose tells a story that goes far beyond simple voting patterns. The Atlas offers telling insights into matters ranging from political contributions to campaign strategies to the roles that gender, religion, and ethnicity played in the outcome.
*Alexander B. Murphy, University of Oregon*

The careful cartography and clearly written essays in this comprehensive volume explain how geographic patterns of behavior are continuous with established tradition but also reflective of shorter-term developments. The Atlas vividly illustrates responses that are at once sensitive to changes in social and economic composition while also a reflection of enduring habits, not fully captured by notions of interest. One thing is certain: no one can look at the results from November 8, 2016, and declare that space and distance no longer matter in elections.
*James Gimpel, University of Maryland*

The definitive resource for anyone interested in the whys behind the 2016 election upset. Brilliant maps throughout explain not only traditional patterns such as demographics and campaign dollars, but also more unexpected factors such as the states or countries mentioned in debates, social media use, and the influence of newspaper endorsements. This superb atlas will stand as the go-to reference for understanding voters and elections at all levels—from presidential to state and local.
*Tom Daschle, former US Senate Majority Leader*