About the Author

John Sides (George Washington University) studies elections, political campaigns, voter behavior, and public opinion. His work has appeared in numerous major journals. He is a founder of and contributor to The Monkey Cage, a popular political science blog. Daron Shaw (University of Texas at Austin) has written three books and many articles on political campaigns, voting behavior, and public opinion. He worked as a strategist in the 2000 and 2004 Republican presidential election campaigns and serves on the national decision team for Fox News. Matt Grossmann (Michigan State University) researches interest group representation and influence in the United States, as well as the roles of consultants and advertising in campaigns. His publications include numerous journal articles, a forthcoming book on interest groups, and a guide to running local campaigns. Keena Lipsitz's (Queens College, CUNY) main field is American political behavior, and she has broader interests in democratic theory, public opinion, and media effects. She has authored or coauthored two scholarly books and several articles on how political campaigns affect voters.