Table of Contents

1 Introduction to catalysis.- 1.1 Historical.- 1.2 The basis of catalytic action.- 1.3 Catalysts in action.- 1.4 Concluding remarks.- 2 General aspects of catalysis at surfaces.- 2.1 General classification of bulk-solid materials as catalysts.- 2.2 Nature and classification of enzymes.- 2.3 Basic thermodynamics of heterogeneous catalysis.- 2.4 Aspects of the kinetics of surface catalysed reactions.- 2.5 Concluding remarks.- 3 The constitution of catalytic surfaces.- 3.1 Basic physical forms of catalytic surfaces.- 3.2 The creation of catalytic surfaces.- 3.3 Concluding remarks.- 4 The detection of adsorbates on solid surfaces.- 4.1 Crystal faces and cleaved surfaces of metals.- 4.2 The effects of pressure on surface phenomena.- 4.3 Destructive techniques for surface investigation.- 4.4 Non-destructive techniques for surface investigation.- 4.5 Concluding remarks.- 5 Chemisorption processes at solid surfaces.- 5.1 Transition metal surfaces.- 5.2 Redox oxide surfaces.- 5.3 Solid acid surfaces.- 5.4 Concluding remarks.- 6 Catalytic actions on solid surfaces.- 6.1 Reactions catalysed by transition metals.- 6.2 Oxidation reactions on redox catalysts.- 6.3 Hydrocarbon conversions on solid acid surfaces.- 6.4 Reforming catalysts.- 6.5 Concluding remarks.- 7 Catalytic action by enzymes.- 7.1 Origin of reactivity at the active site.- 7.2 The pH-sensitivity of enzyme catalysis.- 7.3 Roles of metal centres in enzymes.- 7.4 Examples of enzymes in industrial use.- 7.5 Concluding remarks.- 8 Industrial processes based on solid catalysts.- 8.1 Hydrogenation of vegetable oils.- 8.2 Ammonia and nitric acid productions.- 8.3 Methanol synthesis.- 8.4 Synthesis gas conversion processes.- 8.5 Ethylene oxide production.- 8.6 Sulphuric acid production.- 8.7 Linear polyethylene production.- 8.8 Catalytic cracking.- 8.9 Synthetic gasoline production.- 8.10 Some processes using zeolite catalysts.- 8.11 Concluding remarks.- Further reading.

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