Table of Contents

1: Complex systems
2: Complex physical systems
3: Complex adaptive systems
4: Agents, networks, degree, and recirculation
5: Specialization and diversity
6: Emergence
7: Co-evolution and the formation of niches
8: Putting it all together
Further reading
Index

About the Author

John H. Holland is a leading figure in the field of complexity science who pioneered genetic algorithms. He is Professor of Psychology and Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at The University of Michigan, and a member of the Board of Trustees and Science Board of the Santa Fe Institute. He is also the author of Emergence (OUP, 1999).