Table of Contents

List of Contributors vii

Notes on Contributors xi

Acknowledgments xx

Remembering Navjot Sodhi: An Inspiring Mentor, Scholar, and Friend xxi
Maharaj K. Pandit

1 INTRODUCTION: GIVING A VOICE TO THE TROPICS, 1
Luke Gibson and Peter H. Raven

PART 1: FROM WITHIN THE REGION, 5

SECTION 1: AFRICA, 5

2 CONSERVATION PARADIGMS SEEN THROUGH THE EYES OF BONOBOS IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, 7
Bila-Isia Inogwabini and Nigel Leader-Williams

3 GOVERNANCE FOR EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT CONSERVATION IN ETHIOPIA, 19
Fikirte Gebresenbet, Wondmagegne Daniel, Amleset Haile and Hans Bauer

4 WILDLIFE IN JEOPARDY INSIDE AND OUTSIDE PROTECTED AREAS IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE: THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF DISORGANIZATION, LACK OF AWARENESS, AND INSTITUTIONAL WEAKNESS, 26
Inza Koné

5 CONSERVATION CHALLENGES FOR MADAGASCAR IN THE NEXT DECADE, 33
Hajanirina Rakotomanana, Richard K.B. Jenkins and Jonah Ratsimbazafy

6 CONSERVATION IN MAURITIUS AND RODRIGUES: CHALLENGES AND ACHIEVEMENTS FROM TWO ECOLOGICALLY DEVASTATED OCEANIC ISLANDS, 40
F.B. Vincent Florens

7 DESIGN AND OUTCOMES OF COMMUNITY FOREST CONSERVATION INITIATIVES IN CROSS RIVER STATE OF NIGERIA: A FOUNDATION FOR REDD+?, 51
Sylvanus Abua, Robert Spencer and Dimitrina Spencer

8 SHADES OF GREEN: CONSERVATION IN THE DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENT OF TANZANIA, 59
Flora I. Tibazarwa and Roy E. Gereau

9 SUSTAINABLE CONSERVATION: TIME FOR AFRICA TO RETHINK THE FOUNDATION, 65
Mwangi Githiru

SECTION 2: AMERICAS, 75

10 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR BRIDGING THE RESEARCH–IMPLEMENTATION GAP IN ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT IN BRAZIL, 77
Renata Pardini, Pedro L.B. da Rocha, Charbel El-Hani and Flavia Pardini

11 CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY IN A COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL SETTING: THE CASE OF COLOMBIA, 86
Carolina Murcia, Gustavo H. Kattan, and Germán Ignacio Andrade-Pérez

12 INDIGENOUS RIGHTS, CONSERVATION, AND CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGIES IN GUYANA, 97
Michelle Kalamandeen

13 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONSERVATION OF MEXICAN BIODIVERSITY, 105
Gerardo Ceballos and Andrés García

14 PARAGUAY’S CHALLENGE OF CONSERVING NATURAL HABITATS AND BIODIVERSITY WITH GLOBAL MARKETS DEMANDING FOR PRODUCTS, 113
Alberto Yanosky

SECTION 3: ASIA, 121

15 LAND-USE CHANGE AND CONSERVATION CHALLENGES IN THE INDIAN HIMALAYA: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE, 123
Maharaj K. Pandit and Virendra Kumar

16 CONSERVATION CHALLENGES IN INDONESIA, 134
Dewi M. Prawiradilaga and Herwasono Soedjito

17 SINGAPORE: HALF FULL OR HALF EMPTY?, 142
Richard T. Corlett

18 WANT TO AVERT EXTINCTIONS IN SRI LANKA? EMPOWER THE CITIZENRY!, 148
Rohan Pethiyagoda

19 CONSERVATION OF HORNBILLS IN THAILAND, 157
Pilai Poonswad, Vijak Chimchome, Narong Mahannop and Sittichai Mudsri

SECTION 4: OCEANIA, 167

20 TIPPING POINTS AND THE VULNERABILITY OF AUSTRALIA’S TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS, 169
William F. Laurance

21 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS: WHY ARE WE NOT SUCCEEDING?, 181
Gilianne Brodie, Patrick Pikacha and Marika Tuiwawa

22 WHEN WORLDS COLLIDE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 188
Carter T. Atkinson, Thane K. Pratt, Paul C. Banko, James D. Jacobi and Bethany L. Woodworth

23 THE CHIMERA OF CONSERVATION IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA AND THE CHALLENGE OF CHANGING TRAJECTORIES, 197
Phil Shearman

PART 2 THOUGHTS FROM DIASPORA, 205

24 COMPLEX FORCES AFFECT CHINA’S BIODIVERSITY, 207
Jianguo Liu

25 GOVERNANCE AND CONSERVATION IN THE TROPICAL DEVELOPING WORLD, 216
Kelvin S.-H. Peh

26 KNOWLEDGE, INSTITUTIONS, AND HUMAN RESOURCES FOR CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY, 226
Kamaljit S. Bawa

27 PEOPLE, PLANTS AND POLLINATORS: UNITING CONSERVATION, FOOD SECURITY, AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN EAST AFRICA, 232
Dino J. Martins

28 BALANCING SOCIETIES’ PRIORITIES: A SCIENCE-BASED APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE TROPICS, 239
Lian Pin Koh

29 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE OF SUSTAINABLE-USE TROPICAL FOREST RESERVES, 245
Carlos A. Peres

30 CONCLUDING REMARKS: LESSONS FROM THE TROPICS, 254
Luke Gibson and Peter H. Raven

Index 259

About the Author

Navjot Sodhi (1962-2011): Based at the NationalUniversity of Singapore, Navjot was one of the great minds ofconservation biology. A native of the Punjab, India, he graduatedfrom the University of Saskatchewan, Canada and then moved to anincredible fruitful 15 years documenting rain forest loss anddegradation in Southeast Asia and its effects on populations ofanimals and plants. He was best known as a conservationist, someonewho cared passionately about these rich lands and the people wholive in the region, and striving, with a large group of colleaguesand students, to devise ways to improve the sustainability of thearea while pressures on the forest mounted rapidly. Navjotsuggested the idea of this book to Peter Raven because he was sokeenly aware of the differences between attitudes and actions inconservation that predominate in rich and poor countries. Heintended to share the lessons that conservation practitioners werelearning in the countries where they live with the world. Shortly before Navjot died, he asked his student Luke Gibson tostep up and share the editorial responsibility with Peter Raven,and this book is the result. We believe that he would have likedthis book with its varied contents very much he alwaysplaced application in front of theory, deeply wanting to preservethe world s biological richness and to support the very pooramong us. We miss him greatly, and are pleased to presenthere his last efforts in a wonderfully productive life. Luke Gibson: At the National University of Singapore,Luke Gibson is studying tropical forest loss in Southeast Asia andits impact on biodiversity. For his PhD, he is recordingextinctions of small mammal species from small forest fragments inChiew Larn reservoir, Thailand, and the persistence ordecline of other mammalian ungulates and carnivores in thelowland dipterocarp forest surrounding the reservoir. Before movingto Southeast Asia, he received his Bachelor s degree fromPrinceton University and his Master s degree from theUniversity of California, San Diego. Peter Raven: Over the past 50 years, Peter Raven hasbecome an influential voice in systematics, ecology and evolutionworldwide. He served as President of the American Association forthe Advancement of Science and other organizations, Home Secretaryof the US National Academy of Sciences, and is a member of a numberof other academies worldwide. During his 39-year tenure asPresident of the Missouri Botanical Garden he guided the Garden toa position of global leadership in conservation, with centers ofactivity in the tropics of Latin America, Africa and Asia. He isco-author of the leading textbook in botany, The Biology ofPlants, and has coauthored leading texts in biology and theenvironment. With Paul Ehrlich, he originated the important conceptof coevolution.

Reviews

Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates,graduate students, and researchers/faculty. (Choice, 1 May 2014)