Table of Contents

1 Numbers and Operations
Natural Numbers and Whole Numbers
Integers
Rational, Irrational, and Real Numbers
Terminology for the Four Basic Operations
Division Involving Zero
Properties of Real Numbers
2 Integers
Comparing Integers
Absolute Value
Adding Signed Numbers
Subtracting Signed Numbers
Use of the – Symbol
Multiplying Signed Numbers
Dividing Signed Numbers
3 Exponents
Exponential Notation
Natural Number Exponents
Zero Exponents
Negative Exponents
4 Order of Operations
Grouping Symbols
PEMDAS
5 Fractions
Fraction Concepts
Reducing Fractions to Lowest Form
Equivalent Fractions
Adding and Subtracting Fractions
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions
Working with Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions
6 Decimals
Decimal Concepts
Adding and Subtracting Decimals
Multiplying Decimals
Dividing Decimals
Rounding Decimals
7 Percents
Percent Concepts
Changing Percents to Decimal Form
Changing Decimals to Percent Form
Changing Percents to Fraction Form
Changing Fractions to Percent Form
Common Percents to Know
8 Units of Measurement
Metric System Prefixes
US Customary and Metric Units
Denominate Numbers
Converting Units of Denominate Numbers
Shortcut for Converting Within the Metric System
Using a “Chain” of Conversion Fractions
Converting Money to Different Denominations
Rough Equivalencies for the Metric System
Reading Measuring Instruments
Determining Unit Price
9 Ratios and Proportions
Ratio Concepts
Proportion Concepts
Solving Proportions
Solving Application Problems Involving Proportions
Using Proportions to Solve Percent Problems
10 Roots and Radicals
Square Roots
Principal Square Roots and Radicals
Perfect Squares
Cube Roots
11 Algebraic Expressions
Algebraic Terminology
Evaluating Algebraic Expressions
Dealing with Parentheses
12 Formulas
Definition of Formula
Evaluating Formulas
13 Polynomials
Terms and Monomials
Polynomials
Like Terms
Adding and Subtracting Monomials
Simplifying Polynomial Expressions
Adding Polynomials
Subtracting Polynomials
14 Solving Equations
Equation Terminology
Solving Equations
Translating and Solving Word Equations
Writing Equations to Solve Percent Problems
15 Informal Geometry
Congruence
Similarity
Symmetry
Angles
Lines
Polygons
Triangles
Quadrilaterals
Parts of a Circle
Solid Figures
16 Perimeter, Area, and Volume
Perimeter
Perimeter of Special Shapes
Area
Surface Area
Volume
17 Pythagorean Theorem
Right Triangle Concepts
Pythagorean Theorem
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem
18 Counting and Probability
Counting Methods
Basic Probability Concepts
Probability When Drawing with or Without Replacement
Probability for Independent Events
19 Mean, Median, Mode, and Range
Mean
Weighted Average
Median
Mode
Range
20 Graphical Representation of Data
Pictographs
Bar Graphs
Circle Graphs
Line Graphs
Stem-and-Leaf Plots
Histograms
Dot Plots
Answer Key
Index

About the Author

William D. Clark, PhD, is a professor of mathematics at Stephen F. Austin State University.


Sandra Luna McCune, PhD, is a former Regents Professor who taught as a mathematics specialist at Stephen F. Austin State University. She is currently an in-demand consultant on math and statistics.