Table of Contents

About the Authors xi

Series Preface xiii

Acknowledgements xv

One Adverse Childhood Experiences 3
Kirby L. Wycoff

Two Impact on Children, Teens, Families, and Communities 17
Kirby L. Wycoff

Three Public Health and the Trauma-Informed Movement 35
Kirby L. Wycoff

Four Trauma-Informed Schools 59
Kirby L. Wycoff Section Two Complex Trauma and the Role of Functional Impairment

Five Child Development 79
Bettina Franzese

Six Complex Trauma and Its Impact on the Brain 93
Bettina Franzese

Bettina Franzese Seven Domains of Impairment: Functional Impact of Complex Trauma and Stress 127
Kirby L. Wycoff Section Three Trauma-Informed Assessment Framework

Eight Considerations for Trauma Screening in School and Community Settings 157
Kirby L. Wycoff

Nine Individual and Familial Assessment Tools 181
Kirby L. Wycoff Section Four Trauma-Informed Intervention Framework

Ten Competencies and Components of Trauma-Informed Interventions 201
Kirby L. Wycoff

Eleven Trauma-Informed Interventions and Treatments 219
Kirby L. Wycoff Section Five Ethical Considerations in Trauma-Informed Assessment and Intervention

Twelve Ethical Considerations 243
Kirby L. Wycoff

Thirteen Emerging Treatments and Additional Resources 251
Kirby L. Wycoff

References 253

Index 295

About the Author

KIRBY WYCOFF, PHD, is a Nationally Certified School Psychologist and Associate Professor and Co-Director of the School Psychology Program at Eastern University. She is an MPH Candidate at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College and a LEAH (Leadership and Education in Adolescent Health) Fellow at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. BETTINA FRANZESE, MPS, Ms.Ed., Psy.D., ABSNP, is a Pennsylvania Licensed Psychologist, a Pennsylvania Certified School Psychologist and is Board Certified in School Neuropsychology.