Table of Contents

Introduction Disease overviewEpidemiologyEtiology and pathogenesisEnvironmental factorsGenetic susceptibilityRole of humoral and cell-mediated immunityPathogenesis of systemic arthritisPathophysiology of macrophage activation syndrome
Disease classification Classification criteria Challenges in classification
Clinical manifestations Systemic arthritis Rheumatoid factor-negative polyarthritis Rheumatoid factor-positive polyarthritis Oligoarthritis Enthesitis-related arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Undifferentiated arthritis 
Diagnosis Clinical assessment Imaging Biomarkers Differential diagnosis
Consequences and complications Disease course of different subtypes Skeletal and growth abnormalities Ophthalmologic complications Macrophage activation syndrome 
General treatment aspectsGoals of treatment Measuring treatment response Treatment recommendations A multidisciplinary approach to treatment Special considerations in the pediatric patient 
Management of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis Psychosocial factors Physical therapy Other non-pharmacologic interventions Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Intra-articular corticosteroids Systemic corticosteroids Conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Safety of biologics Other pharmacologic interventions Management of iridocyclitis Management of macrophage activation syndrome 
Specific issues Health-related quality of life Vaccination Treatment discontinuation after disease remissionTransition to adult care
Outcome, prognosis and future outlook Long-term outcome and its prediction Mortality Future outlook      

About the Author

Angelo Ravelli is Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine of the University of Genoa, Italy, a position held since 2006. He is Chief of the Centre of Clinimetrics of the Istituto Giannina Gaslini of Genoa, Italy, a position he has held since 2012. Previously, he was Chief of the Interventional Rheumatology Unit at the same institution. After completion of a degree in medicine, Dr Ravelli specialized in paediatrics and allergology. His field of clinical and research activity focuses on paediatric rheumatology.

Dr Ravelli has been invited to speak in more than 200 national and international meetings and has published more than 220 full-length articles in international scientific journals, with a total impact factor of more than 1,200 and an h-index of 43. He has received numerous grants and awards, including the Gerolamo Prize for Excellence in Research in 2004. He is Associate Editor of Pediatric Rheumatology Online Journal, Assistant Editor of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology and serves on the Editorial Board of The Journal of Rheumatology and Arthritis Care & Research. He is a member of the Executive Committee of the European Rheumatology Research Foundation and was Chairman of the Lupus Working Group of the Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (PReS) from 2004 to 2010.