Table of Contents

Notes on Contributors vii Acknowledgments xiii Introduction: Language Emergence 1 Brian MacWhinney Part I Basic Language Structures 33 1 The Emergence of Phonological Representation 35 Patricia Donegan 2 Capturing Gradience, Continuous Change, and Quasi-Regularity in Sound, Word, Phrase, and Meaning 53 James L. McClelland 3 The Emergence of Language Comprehension 81 Maryellen C. MacDonald 4 Anaphora and the Case for Emergentism 100 William O Grady 5 Morphological Emergence 123 Peter Racz, Janet B. Pierrehumbert, Jennifer B. Hay, and Viktoria Papp 6 Metaphor and Emergentism 147 Zoltan Kovecses 7 Usage-Based Language Learning 163 Nick C. Ellis, Matthew Brook O Donnell, and Ute Romer Part II Language Change and Typology 181 8 Emergence at the Cross-Linguistic Level: Attractor Dynamics in Language Change 183 Joan Bybee and Clay Beckner 9 The Diachronic Genesis of Synchronic Syntax 201 T. Givon 10 Typological Variation and Efficient Processing 215 John A. Hawkins 11 Word Meanings across Languages Support Efficient Communication 237 Terry Regier, Charles Kemp, and Paul Kay Part III Interactional Structures 265 12 Linguistic Emergence on the Ground: A Variationist Paradigm 267 Shana Poplack and Rena Torres Cacoullos 13 The Emergence of Sociophonetic Structure 292 Paul Foulkes and Jennifer B. Hay 14 An Emergentist Approach to Grammar 314 Paul J. Hopper 15 Common Ground 328 Eve V. Clark 16 The Role of Culture in the Emergence of Language 354 Daniel L. Everett Part IV Language Learning 377 17 Learnability 379 Alexander Clark 18 Perceptual Development and Statistical Learning 396 Erik Thiessen and Lucy Erickson 19 Language Emergence in Development: A Computational Perspective 415 Stewart M. McCauley, Padraic Monaghan, and Morten H. Christiansen 20 Perception and Production in Phonological Development 437 Marilyn Vihman 21 The Emergence of Gestures 458 Jordan Zlatev 22 A Constructivist Account of Child Language Acquisition 478 Ben Ambridge and Elena Lieven 23 Bilingualism as a Dynamic Process 511 Ping Li 24 Dynamic Systems and Language Development 537 Paul van Geert and Marjolijn Verspoor Part V Language and the Brain 557 25 Models of Language Production in Aphasia 559 Gary S. Dell and Nathaniel D. Anderson 26 Formulaic Language in an Emergentist Framework 578 Diana Van Lancker Sidtis 27 Language Evolution: An Emergentist Perspective 600 Michael A. Arbib Index 625

About the Author

Brian MacWhinney is Professor of Psychology,Computational Linguistics, and Modern Languages at Carnegie MellonUniversity. He has published extensively over many decades, anddeveloped the Competition Model of first- and second-languageacquisition, processing, and disorders, which shows how languagelearning emerges from forces operating on lexically-based patternsacross divergent timeframes. He is the author of The CHILDESproject: Tools for Analyzing Talk, 3rd Edition (2000and editor of Mechanisms of Language Acquisition (1987) andThe Emergence of Language (1999). William O Grady is Professor of Linguistics at theUniversity of Hawaii. He has undertaken extensive research insyntax and language acquisition, focusing more recently on theimportance of processing for an understanding of how language worksand how it is acquired. He is the author of numerous volumesincluding Principles of Grammar and Learning (1987),Syntactic Development (1997), and How Children LearnLanguage (2005). His book, Syntactic Carpentry (2005),sets out his ideas on the centrality of the processor in languageacquisition.

Reviews

"This is a must-read, greatest-hits volume for anyone serious about understanding what language is, where it comes from, and how it?s used." - Adele E. Goldberg, Princeton University ?This Handbook does more than provide a timely review of recent research in language acquisition by many of the leaders in the field. Its papers are couched in a theoretical perspective -- the Emergentist Program -- that must be reckoned with and that has come of age.. An essential component in any researcher's language library.? - Roberta Michnick Golinkof, University of Delaware ?Emergentism has a long history in philosophy and natural science. Now, in this landmark collection, virtually all aspects of language are carefully and insightfully examined by an impressive range of thinkers from all of the disciplines concerned with linguistic structures and their changes over time.? - Dan I. Slobin, University of California, Berkeley "For anyone interested in language, how it emerged in our species many millennia ago, and how it emerges effortlessly in children every day, MacWhinney and O?Grady have prepared an intellectual banquet. They succeeded in attracting a dream team to write each of the chapters, making up a volume that will surely be a standard reference for years to come." - William S-Y. Wang, Chinese University of Hong Kong.