Introduction

Part I: What is Critical Reflective Learning?

A Review of Theoretical Perspectives

What is Reflective Thinking? Definitions and Models

Fundamentals of Reflection and Learning

The Role of Reflection in Mediating Second-Language Learning and the Development of Strategic Behaviours

Part II: What Does the Research Say?

Taking Stock of the Research on Reflective Learning Across Disciplines

Reflective Learning Through Writing

Reflective Learning Through Individual Oral Reflection

Reflective Learning Through Video-Stimulated Recall

Reflective Learning Through Technology-Mediated Reflection

Part III: What Can We Do?

Research-Informed Strategies, Caveats, and Options

Facilitating Learner Reflection Through Writing

Facilitating Learner Reflection Through Individual Oral Reflection

Facilitating Learner Reflection Through Video-Stimulated Recall

Facilitating Learner Reflection Through Technology-Mediated Reflection

Part IV: How Do We Assess Reflective Learning Outcomes?

Implementing Assessments of Learner Reflection

Assessing Learner Reflection and Learning Outcomes in Class

Using Practitioner Research to Assess Learner Reflection and Learning Outcomes

Concluding Reflections

Li-Shih Huang is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics at the University of Victoria, Canada.