Invention and Craft: A Guide to College Writing, First Edition by Ronda Leathers Dively — Table of ContentsPart 1: Creating Contexts for Understanding Composition1. Composition and Creativity

Some Straight Talk about Composition Courses
The Search for Creativity in Expository Writing
Expository Writing and Other Creative Activities
Creativity and Self-Awareness
The Transfer of Composing Knowledge
- Conditions for Knowledge Transfer
- Routes for Knowledge Transfer in Composition
- Processes Involved in Knowledge Transfer
- Negative Transfer and Composing Myths
An Invitation to Create in Your Composition Course

2. Composing Processes and Creative Processes

A Composing Model
- Invention
- Drafting
- Revision
- Editing
Expository Writing as a Creative Act
The Creative Process Model
- First Insight
- Preparation
- Incubation
- Insight
- Verification
The Creative Process Model and Expository Writing
Reflection and Your Development as a Writer

3. Rhetorical Situations

Overlaps between Creative and Expository
Writing
Creativity and the Rhetorical Situation
Rhetoric and Constructive Constraints
Elements of the Rhetorical Situation
- Audience and Forum
- Topic
- Genre
- Author’s Purpose
- Author’s Role
- Rhetorical Appeals
- Ethos
- Pathos
- Logos
Rhetoric and Creative Drive

4. Invention Strategies

Prewriting Techniques
- Unstructured Prewriting Techniques
- Structured Prewriting Techniques
Invention beyond the Composition Class

5. Research Strategies

Research Methods
- Primary Research
- Secondary Research
Strategies for Managing Secondary Research
Research, Invention, and Knowledge
Transfer

Part 2: Creating Texts That Inform6. Introduction to Texts That Inform

Purposes and Strategies for Informing
Application in College and the Workplace

7. Memoir

Distinguishing Features of a Memoir
Processes for Composing a Memoir
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “One Writer’s Beginnings,” by Eudora Welty
- “The Workers,” by Richard Rodriguez

8. Profile

Distinguishing Features of a Profile
Processes for Composing a Profile
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “From a Dream to Reality,” by Erin Anderson, a First-Year Composition Student
- “Reinventing Rio,” by Alan Riding

9. Report

Distinguishing Features of a Report
Processes for Composing a Report
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “Mirror, Mirror on My Facebook Wall: Effects of Exposure to Facebook on Self-Esteem,” by Amy L. Gonzales and Jeffrey T. Hancock
- “The History and Psychology of Clowns Being Scary,” by Linda Rodriguez McRobbie

10. Annotated Bibliography

Distinguishing Features of an Annotated Bibliography
Processes for Composing an Annotated Bibliography
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “Teen Dating Violence: A Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography,” by Priscilla Offenhauer and Alice Buchalter
- “Design and the Social Sector: An Annotated Bibliography,” by Courtney Drake and Deirdre Cerminaro with William Drenttel

Part 3: Creating Texts That Analyze11. Introduction to Texts That Analyze

Purposes and Strategies for Analyzing
Application in College and the Workplace

12. Writing-Process Analysis

Distinguishing Features of a Writing-Process Analysis
Processes for Composing a Writing-Process Analysis
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “The Watcher at the Gates,” by Gail Godwin
- “A Way of Writing,” by William Stafford

13. Visual Analysis

Distinguishing Features of a Visual Analysis
Processes for Composing a Visual Analysis
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “Is Team USA’s Militaristic Uniform a Problem?” by Paul Achter
- “The Heritage of Berlin Street Art and Graffiti Scene,” by Simon Arms

14. Rhetorical Analysis

Distinguishing Features of a Rhetorical Analysis
Processes for Composing a Rhetorical Analysis
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- "A More Perfect Union," delivered by Senator Barack Obama on March 18, 2008
- “Why It Worked: A Rhetorical Analysis of Obama’s Speech on Race,” by Roy Peter Clark

15. Literary Analysis

Distinguishing Features of a Literary Analysis
Processes for Composing a Literary Analysis
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “‘Neither Can Live While the Other Survives’: The Driving Force of Revenge in Harry Potter, ” by Heidi Nielson
- “Untold Story: The Lying Narrator in ‘The Black Cat,’” by Susan Amper

Part 4: Creating Texts That Argue16. Introduction to Texts That Argue

Purposes of and Strategies for Arguing
- Tone
- Structure
- Logical Fallacies
Application in College and the Workplace

17. Research Proposal

Distinguishing Features of a Research Proposal
- Introduction
- Statement of Purpose
- Projected Contributions
- Literature Review
- Research Methods
- Conclusion
- Works Cited or References
- The Parts as a Whole
Processes for Composing a Research Proposal
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “Exploring and Developing Stage Combat Methodologies,” by WhitneyElmore, an Undergraduate Student
- “The Evolution of Ethics,” by Matt Warren, an UndergraduateStudent

18. Review

Distinguishing Features of a Review 310
Processes for Composing a Review 314
- Invention toward First Insight 317
- Preparation through Research 317
- Invention toward More Focused Insight 317
- Strategies for Drafting 318
- Revision and Editing 319
Transfer to Other Writing Situations 320
READINGS 322
- “‘Gris Grimley’s Frankenstein ’ Revisits, Enhances Shelley’s Famous Tale,” by Karen Sandstrom 322
- “Old ‘Cosmos’ vs. New ‘Cosmos’: Who’s the King of the Universe?” by Chris Taylor

19. Position Paper

Distinguishing Features of a Position Paper
Processes for Composing a Position Paper
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “Homeschooling’s Liberalism,” by David Mills
- “Educating Girls Is a Good Investment,” by Becky Smith Conover

20. Problem-Solution Paper

Distinguishing Features of a Problem-Solution Paper
Processes for Composing a Problem-Solution Paper
- Invention toward First Insight
- Preparation through Research
- Invention toward More Focused Insight
- Strategies for Drafting
- Revision and Editing
Transfer to Other Writing Situations
READINGS
- “The Creativity Crisis,” by Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman
- “It Can’t Happen Here: Why Is There So Little Coverage of Americans Who Are Struggling with Poverty?” by Dan Froomkin

Part 5: Creating Presentation-Quality Final Products21. Source Integration and Citation

Strategies for Meshing Sources
- Summary
- Paraphrase
- Direct Quote
- Synthesis
- Strategies for Citing Sources
- Logic of Citation in MLA and APA
- MLA Internal Citations
- MLA Works Cited Page Entries
- APA Internal Citations
- APA References Page Entries
Transfer across Writing Situations

22. Document Design

Emphasis
- Bold Print
- Italics (or Underlining)
- Scare Quotes
- White Space
- Paragraphs
- Subheadings
- Bulleted and Numbered Lists
- Alignment
Images and Tables
- Images
- Tables, Charts, and Graphs
Transfer across Writing Situations

23. Revision and Editing

Revision
- Criteria for Productive Revision
- Processes for Revising
Editing
- Common Surface Errors
- Processes for Editing
Transfer across Writing Situations

24. Peer and Instructor Review

Invention Workshops
Peer Review
Instructor Feedback
Writing Center Visits
Transfer across Writing Situations

25. PORTFOLIOS

Portfolio-Based Composition Courses
Portfolio Content
- Document Selection
- Reflective Introduction
A Word about Procrastination
E-Portfolios
Transfer across Writing Situations
Photo Credits
Text Credits
Index

About the Author

Professor Ronda Leathers Dively received her Bachelor of Arts degree in English (with teacher certification) and her Master of Arts degree in English (literature) from Eastern Illinois University. After gaining a few years of teaching experience in the secondary English classroom, she pursued her Doctorate of Arts degree in English (Rhetoric and Composition) at Illinois State University, completing her degree in 1994 and accepting an assistant professorship in the English Department at Southern Illinois University Carbondale that same year. Currently an associate professor at SIUC, Dr. Dively serves as the Director of Writing Studies for the Department of English and teaches in the Rhetoric and Composition program. Her areas of teaching specialization include composition pedagogy, empirical research methods, intermediate and advanced composition, and classical rhetoric. She has also enjoyed teaching special topics courses that explore intersections between creativity theory and composition theory. Professor Dively’s scholarship investigates how intersections of creativity and composition theory may illuminate how individuals negotiate transitions between various academic composing contexts—from high school to college classrooms, from general education to discipline-specific writing courses, from status as undergraduate student to graduate student, from status as graduate student to professional. Such interests generated a book-length empirical study entitled Preludes to Insight: Creativity, Incubation and Expository Writing (Hampton Press, 2006), as well as various articles and conference presentations. She has also published in the areas of knowledge transfer and religious expression.