Table of Contents

PART 1 AN OVERVIEW OF COLLEGE WRITING Chapter 1 Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing Preparing to Read Critical Reading Annotating Note Taking Questioning the Text Beyond Content: Focusing on Process Paraphrasing, Summarizing, Quoting Paraphrasing Summarizing Quoting Avoiding Plagiarism Reading and Analyzing Visual Texts Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Communicate? JOE ROSENTHAL, Marines Raising the Flag at Iwo Jima THOMAS E. FRANKLIN, Fire Fighters Raising the Flag at Ground Zero The Writing Process Prewriting Purpose and Audience Freewriting and Brainstorming Outlining Drafting Developing the Thesis Writing Introductory Paragraphs Writing Body Paragraphs Strategies for Development Description Narration Illustration Process Analysis Comparison and Contrast Causal Analysis Definition Classification Argumentation Writing End Paragraphs Student Essay JAMIE TAYLOR, Cultist Behavior or Doltish Behavior? Revising Responding to Editorial Comments A Portfolio on Writing and Communication MORTIMER J. ADLER, How to Mark a Book JULIA ALVAREZ, Writing Matters ANNIE DILLARD, The Writing Life PETER ELBOW, Freewriting DONALD M. MURRAY, The Maker's Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscripts BRENT STAPLES, What Adolescents Miss When They Grow Up in Cyberspace DEBORAH TANNEN, Sex, Lies, and Conversation: Why Is It So Hard for Men and Women to Talk to Each Other? AMY TAN, The Language of Discretion GEORGE ORWELL, Politics and the English Language Chapter 2 Reading and Writing Effective Arguments The Language of Argument The Test of Justification Reading and Analyzing an Argument Understanding Claims and Warrants Reasoning from Evidence Thinking Critically About Arguments The Purpose of Argumentation Appeals to Reason, Emotion, and Ethics ABRAHAM LINCOLN, The Gettysburg Address Writing Powerful Arguments Identify an Issue Take a Stand and Clarify Your Claim Analyze Your Audience Establish Your Tone Develop and Organize the Grounds for Your Claim Gather and Evaluate Your Evidence Consider Your Warrants Deal with Opposing Viewpoints A Portfolio on Argumentation Classic and Contemporary Images: What Is an Argument? FRANCISCO DE GOYA, The Third of May, 1808 EDDIE ADAMS, Police Chief Brigadier General Nguyen Ngoc Loan Executes a Viet Cong Officer Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Do We Argue? H.L. MENCKEN, The Penalty of Death CORETTA SCOTT KING, The Death Penalty is a Step Back DEBATE. ANIMAL RESEARCH: IS IT ETHICAL? HELOISA SABIN, Animal Research Saves Human Lives JANE GOODALL, A Question of Ethics DEBATE CASEBOOK THE PATRIOT ACT: SHOULD WE SACRIFICE CIVIL LIBERTIES FOR SECURITY? RICHARD A. POSNER, Security versus Civil Liberties ELAINE SCARRY, Acts of Resistance PAUL ROSENZWEIG, Patriot Act Aids Security, Not Abuse ISHMAEL REED, The Patriot Act of the 18th Century Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 3 Writing a Research Paper Research Writing: Preconceptions and Practice The Research Process Phase 1: Defining Your Objective Phase 2: Locating Your Sources Phase 3: Gathering and Organizing Data Phase 4: Writing and Submitting the Paper Documenting Sources Sample Student Paper Clara Lee, The Courage of Intimacy: Movie Masculinity in the Nineties A Portolio of Professional Papers Humanities LAURA JOHNSON DAHLKE, Plath's "Lady Lazarus" Social Sciences JON B. GOULD, Playing with Fire: The Civil Liberties Implications of September 11th Science and Medicine CARA B. EBBELING, et. al, Compensation for Energy Intake from Fast Food Among Overweight and Lean Adolescents PART 2 ISSUES ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES Chapter 4 Education and Society: How, What, and Why Do We Learn? Classic and Contemporary Images: Does Education Change Over Time? Zoology Lab, Oberlin College, 1890s TOM STEWART, Food Science Lab, University of Maine, 1990s Classic and Contemporary Essays: What Is the Value of Education? FREDERICK DOUGLASS, Learning to Read and Write RICHARD RODRIGUEZ, The Lonely, Good Company of Books LAURA D'ANDREA TYSON, Needed: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION FOR THE POOR ANNA QUINDLEN, Sex Ed DAVID GELERNTER, Unplugged: The Myth of Computers in the Classroom SUSAN JACOBY, When Bright Girls Decide that Math Is "A Waste of Time" ARTHUR E. LEVINE, Sure Changes for Colleges in the Future CLAYBORNE CARSON, Two Cheers for Brown v. Board of Education Chapter 5 Family Life and Gender Roles: How Do We Become Who We Are? Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Respond to Marriage? PIETER BRUEGHEL THE YOUNGER, Rustic Wedding ELISE AMENDOLA, Gay Marriage Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Much Do Families Matter? E.B. WHITE, Once More to the Lake BARBARA KINGSOLVER, Stone Soup JOAN DIDION, Marrying Absurd ANNIE DILLARD, An American Childhood DAVID BROOKS, Love, Internet Style RICHARD RODRIGUEZ, Family Values MARGARET ATWOOD, The Female Body NATALIE ANGIER, Why Men Don't Last: Self-Destruction as a Way of Life AMITAI ETZIONI, Parenting as an Industry Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 6 History, Culture, and Civilization: Are We Citizens of the World? Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Become Americans? PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE HISTORIAN, Medical Exam of Male Immigrants, 1907 ASSOCIATED PRESS, Illegal Immigrants Crossing the Border Between Guatemala and Mexico, 1999 Classic and Contemporary Essays: Are We Moving Toward a World Culture? OLIVER GOLDSMITH, National Prejudices ISHMAEL REED, America: The Multinational Society K. ANTHONY APPIAH, The Multicultural Mistake JUDITH ORTIZ COFER, The Myth of the Latin Woman: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria LESLIE MARMON SILKO, Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit AMARTYA SEN, A World Not Neatly Divided EDWARD T. HALL, The Arab World RONALD TAKAKI, Strangers from a Distant Shore Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 7 Government, Politics, and Social Justice: How Do We Decide What Is Fair? Classic and Contemporary Images: Have We Made Progress in Civil Rights? Advertisement, Slaves for Sale, 1835 Photograph, Martin Luther King, Jr and Admirer, 1966 Classic and Contemporary Essays: What Is the American Dream? THOMAS JEFFERSON, The Declaration of Independence MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR, I Have a Dream PATRICIA J. WILLIAMS, To See or Not to See ESTHER DYSON, Cyberspace: If You Don't Love It, Leave It NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI, The Circles of Governments BRUCE CATTON, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts BHARATI MUKHERJEE, American Dreamer JAMES BALDWIN, Stranger in the Village ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE, Some Reflections on American Manners Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 8 Business and Economics: How Do We Earn Our Keep? Classic and Contemporary Images: Will Workers Be Displaced by Machines? DIEGO RIVERA, Portion of a Mural from the Detroit Institute of Arts GEORGE HALING, Chrysler Assembly Line Classic and Contemporary Essays: Does Equal Opportunity Exist? VIRGINIA WOOLF, Professions for Women HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR, Delusions of Grandeur ANNA QUINDLEN, Men at Work PERRI KLASS, Ambition THOMAS J. FRIEDMAN, Globalization: The Super-story BARBARA EHRENREICH, Nickel and Dimed RICHARD RODRIGUEZ, Los Pobres ROBERT REICH, Why the Rich Are Getting Richer, and the Poor, Poorer JONATHAN SWIFT, A Modest Proposal Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 9 Media and Popular Culture: What Is the Message? Classic and Contemporary Images: What Do Gangster Films Reveal About Us? Edward C. Robinson in Little Caesar, 1930 James Gandolfini in The Sopranos, 2000 Classic and Contemporary Essays: Why Are We Fascinated by Gangsters? ROBERT WARSHOW, The Gangster as Tragic Hero ELLEN WILLIS, Our Mobsters, Ourselves: Why The Sopranos Is Therapeutic TV RITA DOVE, Loose Ends MARIE WINN, Television Addiction HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR, 2 Live Crew, Decoded STEPHEN KING, My Creature from the Black Lagoon DAVE BARRY, Red, White, and Beer GLORIA STEINEM, Wonder Woman TODD GITLIN, Supersaturation, or, The Media Torrent and Disposable Feeling Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 10 Literature and the Arts: Why Do They Matter? (4-COLOR INSERT) Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Do We Know It's Good? E.M. FORSTER, Not Looking at Pictures FRAN LEBOWITZ, Soho: Or Not at Home With Mr. Art LINDA HOGAN, Hearing Voices BILLY COLLINS, What's American About American Poetry? LANCE MORROW, Imprisoning Time in a Bottle ALICE WALKER, Saving the Life That Is Your Own: The Importance of Models in the Artist's Life NED ROREM, The Beatles HELEN VENDLER, The Ocean, the Bird, and the Scholar Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 11 Philosophy, Ethics, and Religion: What Do We Believe? Classic and Contemporary Images: Do We Believe in Good and Evil? Angel and Mortal, Islamic Art from India JACOB EPSTEIN, St. Michael and the Devil Classic and Contemporary Essays: Is Superstition a Form of Belief? MARGARET MEAD. New Superstitions for Old LETTY COTTIN POGREBIN, Superstitious Minds ROBERT COLES, I Listen to My Parents and I Wonder What They Believe LANGSTON HUGHES, Salvation VACLEV HAVEL, The Divine Revolution VIRGINIA WOOLF, The Death of the Moth PLATO, The Allegory of the Cave SALMAN RUSHDIE, Yes, This Is About Islam C.S. LEWIS, The Rival Conceptions of God STEPHEN L. CARTER, The Culture of Disbelief Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 12 Health and Medicine: What Are the Challenges? Classic and Contemporary Images: What Does Medical Research Teach Us? REMBRANDT, The Anatomy Lesson Associated Press, Conjoined Twins Classic and Contemporary Essays: Can We Avoid Epidemics? Barbara Tuchman, "This Is the End of the World": The Black Death Ronald J. Glasser, We Are Not Immune Ellen Goodman, I Worked Hard for that Furrowed Brow Anna Quindlen, A New Look, an Old Battle Perri Klass, Macho Jessica Mitford, The Embalming of Mr. Jones Stephen J. Gould, The Terrifying Normalcy of AIDS Richard Selzer, Sarcophagus Susan Bordo, The Globalization of Eating Disorders Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 13 Nature and the Environment: How Do We Relate to the Natural World? Classic and Contemporary Images: Are We Destroying the Natural World? JOHN FREDERICK KENSETT, Along the Hudson DAMIAN DOVARGANES, Los Angeles, 2004 Classic and Contemporary Essays: Do We Own Nature? CHIEF SEATTLE, Letter to President Pierce, 1855 BARRY LOPEZ, The Stone Horse ANNIE DILLARD, Death of a Moth N. SCOTT MOMADAY, The Way to Rainy Mountain BILL McKIBBEN, The Environmental Issue from Hell RACHEL CARSON, The Obligation to Endure ALICE WALKER, Am I Blue? NOEL PERRIN, The Greenest Campuses: An Idiosyncratic Guide BARBARA KINGSOLVER, The Good Farmer Connections for Critical Thinking Chapter 14 Science and Technology: What Can Science Teach Us? Classic and Contemporary Images: Where Is Science Taking Us? Flemish School, The Movements of the Sun and Moon, Fifteenth Century J. HESTER and P. SCOWEN, Photograph of Gaseous Pillars Taken From the Hubble Space Telescope, 1995 Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Has Nature Evolved? CHARLES DARWIN, Natural Selection NATALIE ANGIER, Of Altruism, Heroism and Nature's Gifts in the Face of Terror DAVID SEDARIS, Nutcracker.com K.C. COLE, Entropy FREEMAN J. DYSON, Science, Guided by Ethics, Can Uplift the Poor CARL SAGAN, Can We Know the Universe? Reflections on a Grain of Salt DINESH D'SOUZA, Staying Human TERRY TEMPEST WILLIAMS, The Clan of One-Breasted Women Connections for Critical Thinking Glossary of Terms Acknowledgments Index