Table of Contents

Prologue: 1. Mussolini’s Context: Italy and its Discontents, 1861–1915 Part I: Genesis, Development, and Collapse of a Regime 2. The Emergence of Benito Mussolini, 1883–1910 3. Mussolini and the Wars, 1911–1914 4. Mussolini, World War I, and the "Red Biennium," 1915–1920 5. Mussolini’s Seizure of Power, 1920–1922 6. The Duce Structures the Dictatorship, 1922–1929 7. The Duce’s Revolution 8. The Corporate State and Fascist Ideology 9. Mussolini and Fascism: Interpretations 10. Mussolini’s Foreign Policy, 1922–1939 11. Downfall: Mussolini’s War and the Salò Republic, 1940–1945 Part II: Italian Fascism and Populism 12. Mussolini’s Progeny: The Evolution of Fascism and the Link to Populism 13. Kindred Worlds: Mussolini’s Fascism and Rightist Populism 14. The Duce and the Rise of Populism Part III: Bibliography

About the Author

Spencer M. Di Scala is an award-winning Emeritus Professor of History at the University of Massachusetts and has published widely on modern Italian and European History. His books include: Italy: From Revolution to Republic, 4th ed. (2008); Europe’s Long Century: 1900-Present: Society, Politics, Culture (2013); and Makers of the Modern World: Vittorio Orlando (2014). He has edited Mussolini 1883-1915 (with Emilio Gentile, 2016).