Table of Contents

1. Operational Research and Systems: A Problematic Relationship.- I. Background of Operational Research.- 2. The Beginnings of Operational Research.- 3. The Development of Operational Research.- II. Systems in Operational Research.- 4. Operational Research as Problem Solving.- 5. Operational Research in Organizations.- 6. Systems, Science, and Technology.- III. Operational Research in Systems.- 7. Operational Research and Systems Thinking.- 8. Beyond Hard Systems Thinking.- 9. Systems Methodologies: From Theory to Practice.- 10. Operational Research and Systems: Some Observations and Issues.- References.