Table of Contents

Contributors ix

Introduction: Do Protected Areas Safeguard Biodiversity? 1
J. E. M. Baillie, L. Joppa and J. G. Robinson

Part I The Global Protected Area Portfolio 11

1. Government Commitments for Protected Areas: Status of Implementation and Sources of Leverage to Enhance Ambition 13
L. Krueger

2. Protected Area Diversity and Potential for Improvement 34
N. Dudley and S. Stolton

3. Sound Investments: Protected Areas as Natural Solutions to Climate Change and Biodiversity Conservation 49
K. MacKinnon

4. Optimal Protection of the World’s Threatened Birds, Mammals, and Amphibians 66
J. E. M. Watson, D. B. Segan and R. A. Fuller

5. Maintaining a Global Data Set on Protected Areas 81
A. Milam, S. Kenney, D. Juffe‐Bignoli, B. Bertzky, C. Corrigan, B. MacSharry, N. D. Burgess and N. Kingston

Part II The Fate of Species in Protected Areas 103

6. Species Population Trends in Protected Areas 105
B. Collen, L. McRae, E. Nicholson, I. D. Craigie, E. J. Milner‐Gulland, J. Loh and S. Whitmee

7. Effectiveness of Protected Areas in Conserving Large Carnivores in Europe 122
L. Santini, L. Boitani, L. Maiorano and C. Rondinini

8. Towards Understanding Drivers of Wildlife Population Trends in Terrestrial Protected Areas 134
M. Barnes, I. D. Craigie and M. Hockings

Part III Managing Protected Areas at System Scales 151

9. Toward Assessing the Vulnerability of US National Parks to Land Use and Climate Change 153
A. Hansen, C. Davis, J. Haas and N. Piekielek

10. Integrating Community‐Managed Areas into Protected Area Systems: The Promise of Synergies and the Reality of Trade‐Offs 169
M. Rao, H. Nagendra, G. Shahabuddin and L. R. Carrasco

11. The Importance of Asia’s Protected Areas for Safeguarding Commercially High Value Species 190
J. Walston, E. J. Stokes and S. Hedges

Part IV Monitoring Protected Areas at System Scales 209

12. Monitoring Protected Area Coverage and Impact on Key Biodiversity Areas, Important Bird Areas and Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites 211
S. H. M. Butchart, T. M. Brooks, J. P. W. Scharlemann and M. A. K. Mwangi

13. Camera Traps for Conservation: Monitoring Protected Area Investments 228
T. G. O’Brien

14. Monitoring Protected Areas from Space 242
N. Pettorelli, M. Wegmann, L. Gurney and G. Dubois

Index 260

About the Author

Lucas N. Joppa, Computational Ecology and Environmental Sciences Unit, Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK.

Jonathan M. Baillie, Institute of Zoology, London, UK.

John Robinson, CEO Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, New York, USA.