Foreword by David Heinemeier Hansson xxxiii
Foreword by Yehuda Katz xxxv
Introduction xxxvii
Acknowledgments xliii
About the Author xlv
Chapter 1: Rails Environments and Configuration 1
1.1 Bundler 2
1.2 Startup and Application Settings 8
1.3 Development Mode 15
1.4 Test Mode 19
1.5 Production Mode 20
1.6 Logging 23
1.7 Conclusion 29
Chapter 2: Routing 31
2.1 The Two Purposes of Routing 32
2.2 The routes.rb File 33
2.3 Route Globbing 45
2.4 Named Routes 46
2.5 Scoping Routing Rules 50
2.6 Listing Routes 53
2.7 Conclusion 54
Chapter 3: REST, Resources, and Rails 55
3.1 REST in a Rather Small Nutshell 55
3.2 Resources and Representations 56
3.3 REST in Rails 57
3.4 Routing and CRUD 58
3.5 The Standard RESTful Controller Actions 61
3.6 Singular Resource Routes 64
3.7 Nested Resources 65
3.8 RESTful Route Customizations 69
3.9 Controller-Only Resources 74
3.10 Different Representations of Resources 76
3.11 The RESTful Rails Action Set 78
3.12 Conclusion 83
Chapter 4: Working with Controllers 85
4.1 Rack 86
4.2 Action Dispatch: Where It All Begins 88
4.3 Render unto View 92
4.4 Additional Layout Options 101
4.5 Redirecting 101
4.6 Controller/View Communication 104
4.7 Filters 105
4.8 Verification 111
4.9 Streaming 112
4.10 Conclusion 117
Chapter 5: Working with Active Record 119
5.1 The Basics 120
5.2 Macro-Style Methods 121
5.3 Defining Attributes 123
5.4 CRUD: Creating, Reading, Updating, Deleting 127
5.5 Database Locking 142
5.6 Where Clauses 146
5.7 Connections to Multiple Databases in Different Models 153
5.8 Using the Database Connection Directly 154
5.9 Other Configuration Options 158
5.10 Conclusion 159
Chapter 6: Active Record Migrations 161
6.1 Creating Migrations 161
6.2 Data Migration 173
6.3 schema.rb 174
6.4 Database Seeding 175
6.5 Database-Related Rake Tasks 176
6.6 Conclusion 179
Chapter 7: Active Record Associations 181
7.1 The Association Hierarchy 181
7.2 One-to-Many Relationships 183
7.3 The belongs—to Association 191
7.4 The has—many Association 200
7.5 Many-to-Many Relationships 209
7.6 One-to-One Relationships 223
7.7 Working with Unsaved Objects and Associations 226
7.8 Association Extensions 227
7.9 The AssociationProxy Class 229
7.10 Conclusion 230
Chapter 8: Validations 231
8.1 Finding Errors 231
8.2 The Simple Declarative Validations 232
8.3 Common Validation Options 242
8.4 Conditional Validation 243
8.5 Short-form Validation 245
8.6 Custom Validation Techniques 246
8.7 Skipping Validations 249
8.8 Working with the Errors Hash 249
8.9 Testing Validations with Shoulda 250
8.10 Conclusion 250
Chapter 9: Advanced Active Record 251
9.1 Scopes 251
9.2 Callbacks 256
9.3 Calculation Methods 265
9.4 Observers 268
9.5 Single-Table Inheritance (STI) 269
9.6 Abstract Base Model Classes 276
9.7 Polymorphic has many Relationships 277
9.8 Foreign-key Constraints 281
9.9 Using Value Objects 281
9.10 Modules for Reusing Common Behavior 285
9.11 Modifying Active Record Classes at Runtime 289
9.12 Conclusion 292
Chapter 10: Action View 293
10.1 Layouts and Templates 294
10.2 Partials 302
10.3 Conclusion 308
Chapter 11: All About Helpers 309
11.1 ActiveModelHelper 309
11.2 AssetTagHelper 316
11.3 AtomFeedHelper 324
11.4 CacheHelper 326
11.5 CaptureHelper 326
11.6 DateHelper 328
11.7 DebugHelper 333
11.8 FormHelper 333
11.9 FormOptionsHelper 350
11.10 FormTagHelper 355
11.11 JavaScriptHelper 358
11.12 NumberHelper 359
11.13 PrototypeHelper 361
11.14 RawOutputHelper 361
11.15 RecordIdentificationHelper 362
11.16 RecordTagHelper 363
11.17 SanitizeHelper 364
11.18 TagHelper 366
11.19 TextHelper 367
11.20 TranslationHelper and the I18n API 372
11.21 UrlHelper 391
11.22 Writing Your Own View Helpers 398
11.23 Wrapping and Generalizing Partials 401
11.24 Conclusion 407
Chapter 12: Ajax on Rails 409
12.1 Unobtrusive JavaScript 411
12.3 Ajax and JSON 419
12.3.1 Ajax link to 419
12.4 Ajax and HTML 421
12.5 Ajax and JavaScript 423
12.6 Conclusion 424
Chapter 13: Session Management 425
13.1 What to Store in the Session 426
13.2 Session Options 427
13.3 Storage Mechanisms 427
13.4 Cookies 431
13.5 Conclusion 432
Chapter 14: Authentication 433
14.1 Authlogic 434
14.2 Devise 439
14.3 Conclusion 443
Chapter 15: XML and Active Resource 445
15.1 The to—xml Method 445
15.2 The XML Builder 454
15.3 Parsing XML 456
15.4 Active Resource 457
15.5 Active Resource Authentication 465
15.6 Conclusion 469
Chapter 16: Action Mailer 471
16.1 Setup 471
16.2 Mailer Models 472
16.3 Receiving Emails 477
16.4 Server Configuration 479
16.5 Testing Email Content 479
16.6 Conclusion 481
Chapter 17: Caching and Performance 483
17.1 View Caching 483
17.2 General Caching 495
17.3 Control Web Caching 497
17.4 ETags 498
17.5 Conclusion 500
Chapter 18: RSpec 501
18.1 Introduction 501
18.2 Basic Syntax and API 504
18.3 Predicate Matchers 513
18.4 Custom Expectation Matchers 514
18.5 Shared Behaviors 517
18.6 RSpec’s Mocks and Stubs 517
18.7 Running Specs 520
18.8 RSpec Rails Gem 521
18.9 RSpec Tools 531
18.10 Conclusion 533
Chapter 19: Extending Rails with Plugins 535
19.1 The Plugin System 536
19.2 Writing Your Own Plugins 537
19.3 Conclusion 547
Chapter 20: Background Processing 549
20.1 Delayed Job 550
20.2 Resque 553
20.3 Rails Runner 557
20.4 Conclusion 559
Appendix A: Active Model API Reference 561
A.1 Attribute Methods 561
A.2 Callbacks 563
A.3 Conversion 563
A.4 Dirty 564
A.5 Errors 565
A.6 Lint::Tests 567
A.7 MassAssignmentSecurity 567
A.8 Name 568
A.9 Naming 569
A.10 Observer 569
A.11 Observing 570
A.12 Serialization 571
A.13 Serializers::JSON 572
A.14 Serializers::Xml 572
A.15 Translation 573
A.16 Validations 574
A.17 Validator 578
Appendix B: Active Support API Reference 579
B.1 Array 579
B.2 ActiveSupport::BacktraceCleaner 585
B.3 ActiveSupport::Base64 586
B.4 ActiveSupport::BasicObject 586
B.5 ActiveSupport::Benchmarkable 587
B.6 BigDecimal 588
B.7 ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger 588
B.8 ActiveSupport::Cache::Store 590
B.9 ActiveSupport::Callbacks 595
B.10 Class 598
B.11 ActiveSupport::Concern 602
B.12 ActiveSupport::Configurable 603
B.13 Date 603
B.14 DateTime 609
B.15 ActiveSupport::Dependencies 613
B.16 ActiveSupport::Deprecation 617
B.17 ActiveSupport::Duration 617
B.18 Enumerable 619
B.19 ERB::Util 620
B.20 FalseClass 621
B.21 File 621
B.22 Float 622
B.23 Hash 622
B.24 HashWithIndifferentAccess 627
B.25 ActiveSupport::Inflector::Inflections 628
B.26 Integer 632
B.27 ActiveSupport::JSON 633
B.28 Kernel 634
B.29 Logger 635
B.30 ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor 636
B.31 ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier 637
B.32 Module 638
B.33 ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars 645
B.34 NilClass 648
B.35 ActiveSupport::Notifications 649
B.36 Numeric 650
B.37 Object 653
B.38 ActiveSupport::OrderedHash 657
B.39 ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions 657
B.40 ActiveSupport::Railtie 658
B.41 Range 658
B.42 Regexp 660
B.43 ActiveSupport::Rescuable 660
B.44 ActiveSupport::SecureRandom 661
B.45 String 662
B.46 ActiveSupport::StringInquirer 671
B.47 Symbol 671
B.48 ActiveSupport::Testing::Assertions 671
B.49 Time 673
B.50 ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone 680
B.51 ActiveSupport::TimeZone 681
B.52 ActiveSupport::TrueClass 684
B.53 ActiveSupport::XmlMini 684
Index 687
Method Index 697
Obie Fernandez has been hacking computers since he got his first Commodore VIC-20 in the eighties, and found himself in the right place and time as a programmer on some of the first Java enterprise projects of the mid-nineties. Obie has been evangelizing Ruby on Rails online via blog posts and publications since early 2005. He has traveled around the world relentlessly promoting Rails at large industry conferences. As CEO and Founder of Hashrocket, Obie specializes in orchestrating the creation of large-scale, web-based applications, both for startups and mission-critical enterprise projects. He still gets his hands dirty with code on at least a weekly basis and posts regularly on various topics to his popular technology blog.
Praise for the Previous Edition This encyclopedic book is not only a definitive Rails reference, but an indispensable guide to Software-as-a-Service coding techniques for serious craftspersons. I keep a copy in the lab, a copy at home, and a copy on each of my three e-book readers, and it’s on the short list of essential resources for my undergraduate software engineering course.—Armando Fox, adjunct associate professor, University of California, Berkeley Everyone interested in Rails, at some point, has to follow The Rails Way.—Fabio Cevasco, senior technical writer, Siemens AG, and blogger at H3RALD.com I can positively say that it’s the single best Rails book ever published to date. By a long shot.—Antonio Cangiano, software engineer and technical evangelist at IBM This book is a great crash course in Ruby on Rails! It doesn’t just document the features of Rails, it filters everything through the lens of an experienced Rails developer—so you come our a pro on the other side.—Dirk Elmendorf, co-founder of Rackspace, and Rails developer since 2005 The key to The Rails Way is in the title. It literally covers the “way” to do almost everything with Rails. Writing a truly exhaustive reference to the most popular Web application framework used by thousands of developers is no mean feat. A thankful community of developers that has struggled to rely on scant documentation will embrace The Rails Way with open arms. A tour de force!—Peter Cooper, editor, Ruby Inside In the past year, dozens of Rails books have been rushed to publication. A handful are good. Most regurgitate rudimentary information easily found on the Web. Only this book provides both the broad and deep technicalities of Rails. Nascent and expert developers, I recommend you follow The Rails Way.—Martin Streicher, chief technology officer, McLatchy Interactive; former editor-in-chief of Linux Magazine Hal Fulton’s The RubyWay has always been by my side as a reference while programming Ruby. Many times I had wished there was a book that had the same depth and attention to detail, only focused on the Rails framework. That book is now here and hasn’t left my desk for the past month.—Nate Klaiber, Ruby programmer As noted in my contribution to the Afterword: “What Is the Rails Way (To You)?,” I knew soon after becoming involved with Rails that I had found something great. Now, with Obie’s book, I have been able to step into Ruby on Rails development coming from .NET and be productive right away. The applications I have created I believe to be a much better quality due to the techniques I learned using Obie’s knowledge.—Robert Bazinet, InfoQ.com, .NET and Ruby community editor, and founding member of the Hartford, CT, Ruby Brigade Extremely well written; it’s a resource that every Rails programmer should have. Yes, it’s that good.—Reuven Lerner, Linux Journal columnist
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