Table of Contents

List of figures

List of tables

List of consultant editors

List of contributors

Preface by Chan Sin-wai

Acknowledgements

Part 1

General issues in translation technology

The development of translation technology: 1967 – 2023

Chan Sin-wai

Computer-aided translation: Major concepts

Chan Sin-wai

Computer-aided translation: Systems

Ignacio Garcia

Translation technologies: Translator training

Lynne Bowker

Machine translation: general

Liu Qun and Zhang Xiaojun

Machine translation: History of research and applications

W. John Hutchins

7 Example-based machine translation

Billy Wong Tak-ming

Open-source machine translation technology

Mikel L. Forcada

Pragmatics-based machine translation

David Farwell and Stephen Helmreich

10 Rule-based machine translation

Bai Xiaojing and Yu Shiwen

11 Statistical machine translation

Liu Yang and Zhang Min

12 Evaluation in machine translation and computer-aided translation

Kit Chunyu and Billy Wong Tak-ming

13 The teaching of machine translation: The Chinese University of Hong Kong as a

case study

Cecilia Wong Shuk Man

14 Teaching Translation Technology

Venus Chan Wing Man and Mark Shuttleworth

15 Artificial Intelligence and Translation

Liu Xueting and Li Chengze

PART II

National/regional developments of translation technology

16 Translation technology in China

Qian Duoxiu

17 Translation technology in Canada

Elliott Macklovitch

18 Translation technology in France

Syviane Cardey

19 Translation technology in Hong Kong

Chan Sin-wai, Ian Castor Chow and Billy Wong Tak-ming

20 Translation technology in Japan

Hitoshi Isahara

21 Translation technology in South Africa

Gerhard B. van Huyssteen,Marissa Griesel, Cindy McKellar, and Martin Puttkammer

22 Translation technology in Taiwan: Track and trend

Shih Chung-ling

23 Translation technology in the Netherlands and Helgium

Leonoor van der Beek and Antal van den Bosch

24 Translation technology in the United Kingdom

Christophe Declercq

25 A history of translation technology in the United States

Jennifer DeCamp

PART III

Specific topics in translation technology

26 Alignment

Lars Ahrenberg

27 Bitext

Alan K. Melby, Arle Lommel and Lucia Morado Vazquez

28 Computational lexicography: From electronic to digital age

Zhang Yihua

29 Concordancing

Federico Zanettin

30 Controlled language

Rolf Schwitter

31 Corpus

Li Lan and Mary Ye

32 Editing in translation technology

Christophe Declercq

33 Editing in audiovisual translation (Subtitling)

Alejandro Bolaños García-Escribano and Christophe Declercq

34 Post-editing of machine translation

May Li

35 Information retrieval and text mining

Kit Chunyu and Nie Jian-Yun

36 Language codes and language tags

Sue Ellen Wright

37 Localization

Keiran J. Dunne

38 Natural language processing

Olivia Kwong Oi Yee

39 Online translation

Federico Gaspari

40 Part-of-speech tagging

Felipe Sanchez-Martinez

41 Segmentation

Freddy Y.Y. Choi

42 Speech translation

Lee Tan

43 Technological strides in subtitling

Jorge Daz Cintas

44 Terminology management

Kara Warburton

45 Translation memory

Alan K. Melby and Sue Ellen Wright

46 Translation management systems

Mark Shuttleworth

47 Deep learning and translation technology

Siu Sai Cheong

Index

About the Author

Chan Sin-wai is Professor-cum-Dean of the School of Humanities and Languages, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong. He was formerly Professor of the School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Professor at the Department of Translation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.