Table of Contents

Preface:
Acknowledgments:
1: Dissidents in the Conscript Army
Day to Day Resistance:
Hired Slave Dissatisfaction:
Open Defiance:
Slaves and Overseers:
Conspiracies:
The Pride of Dissidence:
2: On the Run
Death of the Master:
The Plantation Household:
Opportunity:
Assisted by Whites:
Dissatisfaction of Hired Slaves:
Merely To Be Free:
Cruel and Unusual Punishment:
3: Whither Thou Goest
Breakup of Families:
Loved Ones:
Husbands and Wives:
Mothers and Children:
Families and Relatives:
Assistance:
Lost Forever:
4: A Matter of Some Urgency
Assault and Murder:
Stealing:
Violence in Defense of Freedom:
Collective Resistance:
Clandestine Slave Economy:
Retribution:
5: Where To Go?
Absentees:
Lying Out:
To Strike a Bargain:
Distant Points:
Farther South and Elsewhere:
The Promised Land:
In Which Direction?:
6: They Seek a City
Temporary Sojourners:
Remaining at Large:
Runaways as Hired Slaves:
Hired Slaves as Runaways:
Self-hired Slaves as Runaways:
The Urban Interlude:
The Fate of Jane:
7: The Hunt
Laws and Patrols:
Slave Catchers:
Negro Dogs:
Masters in Pursuit:
Advertisements and Rewards:
Incarceration:
8: Backward into Bondage
Taken up as Runaways:
Free Black Runaways:
Sold as Slaves:
Joseph Antoine's Sorrow:
Free Black Owners of Runaways:
Runaway Children in Maryland:
9: Profile of a Runaway
Age and Gender:
Color and Physical Characteristics:
Appearance:
Personality Traits and Countenance:
How and When Slaves Absconded:
African-born Runaways:
10: Managing Human Property
Managers and Overseers:
What Should Masters Do?:
Self-perceptions and Managing Slaves:
Plantation Mistresses and Slave Governance:
Discarding the Aged and Infirm:
Anxiety, Trouble, Expense:
11: Counting the Cost
Dishonor Among Masters:
The Conspiracy Theory:
Estimating Frequencies and Owners' Costs:
The Impact of Runaways on the Peculiar Institution:
A Note on Primary Sources
Appendix 1: Newspaper Advertisements
Tennessee Notice for a Negro man named Sam:
Tennessee Notice for a Negro man named Jim:
Alabama Notice for Anthony, Billy, and Bartlett:
South Carolina Notice for Ceely and Frances or Fanny:
Louisiana Notice for Molly:
Appendix 2: Petitions to State Legislatures and County Courts
Petition to the Virginia General Assembly:
Petition to the South Carolina Senate:
Petition to the South Carolina Senate:
Petition to the North Carolina General Assembly:
Petition to the Orleans Parish District Court:
Petition to the Baltimore County Orphans Court:
Petition to the Frederick County, Maryland, Court:
Petition to the Tennessee General Assembly:
Appendix 3: Location and Possible Destinations of Runaways Cited in the Nashville Whig, 1812-1816
Appendix 4: Location and Possible Destinations of Runaways Cited in the Tennessee Republican Banner (Nashville), 1840-1842
Appendix 5: Damages Sought by Henry Crane for Runaway Lewis, 1851
Appendix 6: Correspondence
Letter of Runaway Joseph Taper to white acquaintance Joseph Long, 11 November 1840:
Letter of Cotton Factory Owner Abram Riddick to Slaveowner William Glover, 22 July 1848:
Appendix 7: Runaway Slave Database: Early Period 1790-1816; Late Period 1838-1860
Abbreviations:
Notes:
Bibliography:
Credits:
Index:

Promotional Information

Named an Outstanding Academic Book for 1999 by ^IChoice^R

About the Author

John Hope Franklin is James B. Duke Professor of History, Emeritus, at Duke University. He is a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the author of numerous books, including the epic From Slavery to Freedom: A History of Negro Americans, which boasts more than three million copies in print.

Loren Schweninger is Professor of History at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro.

Reviews

"No one has yet explored the fugitives' world and its meaning for the slave experience more deeply and with greater sophistication than [the authors]...[This book] greatly enhances our understanding of the system of slavery..."--Los Angeles Times Book Review
"Using documentation from broadsheets to diaries, the authors provide incredible details of who the runaways were, their motivations and destinations, and how their efforts failed or succeeded. Franklin and Schweninger provide very personal accounts, giving names and personalities to an aspect of U.S. slavery that is seldom portrayed and refuting the mythology of the contented slave."--Booklist
"Runaway Slaves is a highly informative and carefully researched book."--Upscale
"[The authors] address the meaning of slave flight by inspecting hundreds, perhaps thousands, of cases gleaned from a careful reading of runaway advertisements and judicial and legislative records. Their close analysis reveals that flight was not a single phenomenon but many, because runaway slaves had different motives, strategies, tactics, and goals...[This book] not only tells the story of the minority who secured freedom and attacked slavery from the
outside, but how even those who failed to gain their liberty subverted slavery from the inside. In unfolding the fugitives' tale, Franklin and Schweninger contribute mightily to our understanding of how the
system of slavery stood for nearly three centuries and why it eventually fell."--Ira Berlin, Los Angeles Times Book Review (Chosen as a Best Book of 1999)
"Assiduous researchers, [the authors] have catalogued and categorized in a 'Runaway Slave Database' a wealth of information, which they impart extensively in their book."--Benjamin Schwarz, The New York Times Book Review
"Thoreau said that historians show us the present more than the past, and nothing illustrates his statement better than [this book]...Runaway Slaves is a formidable corrective [that] tells us more than we want to know about ourselves."--Kent Gramm, Civil War Book Review
"[This] should be on the shelf of any person who has an interest in Southern history or black history, and it certainly will be useful in the classroom."--The Times (Roanoke, Virginia)
"An excellent book, the best available on the struggle between slaves and their masters."--John David Smith, The News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina)
"By repetitive and relentless example, Runaway Slaves gathers force: the book is monumental in impact...What emerges is a picture of powerful human resistance--and of a political and economic system rotten to the core."--Phyllis Eckhaus, n These Times
"In this rich, descriptive volume, based on considerable archival research...one of this country's most distinguished historians...collaborates with one of his former students...to get at the true nature of salvery in the Old South by examining the significant number of slaves who by running away challenged the system."--Robert L. Paquatte, The Washington Times
"Runaway Slaves provides an arsenal of ammunition to prove that the Old South was indeed a war zone....[It] amply documents the prevalence and variety of slave rebelliousness."--Arkansas Democrat-Gazette
"An amazing wealth of detail on the backgrounds and experiences of bondsmen and bondswomen who were so discontented with slavery, or at least with their particular experience of it, that they simply ran away...Franklin and Schweninger argue convincingly that more than 50,000 (a conservative estimate) took flight each year...Numbers aside, what is impressive about these runaways is their sheer variety. Again and again, the authors offer a generalization--for
instance, that young men were over-represented--and then swamp us with counter-examples...Many different kinds of men and women appear, but none who is docile, or cowed, or content."--John Shelton Reed,
Times Literary Supplement
"What a treat to read the engrossing, indeed astonishing, new book by John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger! Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation, 1790-1860 is destined to be a classic and will undoubtedly be well-received by the academic community and general readers alike. The scholarship is truly impressive and it is written in such accessible prose. This book should be on assigned reading lists for as long as we teach American
History."--Darlene Clark Hine, co-author A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America
"Meticulous, compassionate, and illuminating; John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger in Runaway Slaves have bequeathed to all Americans a modern masterpiece about White power, domination and resistance, and the Black will to be free."--Darlene Clark Hine, co-author, A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America
"By any manner of reckoning John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger have produced an extraordinary book about slavery that addresses, authoritatively and persuasively, the basic nature of the slave system...The overwhelming evidence presented in this richly detailed study should dispel, once and for all, the notion that runaway slaves were mere aberrations and that the slave South was a tranquil society inhabited by benevolent white masters and happy, loyal,
good-natured blacks contented with their lots as slaves."--Willard B. Gatewood, Alumni Distinguished Professor of History, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
"A neglected dimension of slavery has finally been researched and revealed in full. An important study by one of the nation's major historians."--Sterling Stuckey, Professor of History, University of California, Riverside
"This splendid book, full of human-interest accounts of escaped slaves, does more than demonstrate the prevalence of slave resistance by running away. By reflecting a bright, harsh light on the institution of bondage, Runaway Slaves expands our knowledge and understanding of slavery in the United States."--James M. McPherson, Professor of History, Princeton University, and author of Battle Cry of Freedom
"Dr. John Hope Franklin and his colleague, Dr. Loren Schweninger, in writing this book have added a tremendous new dimension to our understanding of what slave life was really like in the American South. It does not cause one to lie down to pleasant dreams."--William F. Winter, Attorney, member of President Clinton's Race Initiative Advisory Board
"A well-crafted and carefully researched account that opens a new window onto a dark and painful chapter in American history."--Kirkus Reviews
"Scrupulously detailed."--Library Journal
"Using documentation from broadsheets to diaries, the authors provide incredible details of who the runaways were, their motivations and destinations, and how their efforts failed or succeeded. Franklin and Schweninger provide very personal accounts, giving names and personalities to an aspect of U.S. slavery that is seldom portrayed and refuting the mythology of the contented slave."--Booklist
"An important new book...Runaway Slaves compellingly documents the perseverance of thousands of African Americans who fought to be free."--Amy J. Kinsel, Seattle Times/Post Intellegencer
"Provides an arsenal of ammunition to prove that the Old South was a war zone...The best book available on the struggle between slaves and their owners."--John David Smith, Columbus Ohio Dispatch
"A well-documented study both refutes Ulrich B. Phillips' placating view of the antebellum plantation and answers recent historians' calls for clarification of the 'question of whether of not [slaves] 'actively resisted' the system...thorough and meticulous research provides a truly groundbreaking affirmation of slave resistance."--Journal of the American Studies Association of Texas

"No one has yet explored the fugitives' world and its meaning for the slave experience more deeply and with greater sophistication than [the authors]...[This book] greatly enhances our understanding of the system of slavery..."--Los Angeles Times Book Review "Using documentation from broadsheets to diaries, the authors provide incredible details of who the runaways were, their motivations and destinations, and how their efforts failed or succeeded. Franklin and Schweninger provide very personal accounts, giving names and personalities to an aspect of U.S. slavery that is seldom portrayed and refuting the mythology of the contented slave."--Booklist "Runaway Slaves is a highly informative and carefully researched book."--Upscale "[The authors] address the meaning of slave flight by inspecting hundreds, perhaps thousands, of cases gleaned from a careful reading of runaway advertisements and judicial and legislative records. Their close analysis reveals that flight was not a single phenomenon but many, because runaway slaves had different motives, strategies, tactics, and goals...[This book] not only tells the story of the minority who secured freedom and attacked slavery from the outside, but how even those who failed to gain their liberty subverted slavery from the inside. In unfolding the fugitives' tale, Franklin and Schweninger contribute mightily to our understanding of how the system of slavery stood for nearly three centuries and why it eventually fell."--Ira Berlin, Los Angeles Times Book Review (Chosen as a Best Book of 1999) "Assiduous researchers, [the authors] have catalogued and categorized in a 'Runaway Slave Database' a wealth of information, which they impart extensively in their book."--Benjamin Schwarz, The New York Times Book Review "Thoreau said that historians show us the present more than the past, and nothing illustrates his statement better than [this book]...Runaway Slaves is a formidable corrective [that] tells us more than we want to know about ourselves."--Kent Gramm, Civil War Book Review "[This] should be on the shelf of any person who has an interest in Southern history or black history, and it certainly will be useful in the classroom."--The Times (Roanoke, Virginia) "An excellent book, the best available on the struggle between slaves and their masters."--John David Smith, The News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina) "By repetitive and relentless example, Runaway Slaves gathers force: the book is monumental in impact...What emerges is a picture of powerful human resistance--and of a political and economic system rotten to the core."--Phyllis Eckhaus, n These Times "In this rich, descriptive volume, based on considerable archival research...one of this country's most distinguished historians...collaborates with one of his former students...to get at the true nature of salvery in the Old South by examining the significant number of slaves who by running away challenged the system."--Robert L. Paquatte, The Washington Times "Runaway Slaves provides an arsenal of ammunition to prove that the Old South was indeed a war zone....[It] amply documents the prevalence and variety of slave rebelliousness."--Arkansas Democrat-Gazette "An amazing wealth of detail on the backgrounds and experiences of bondsmen and bondswomen who were so discontented with slavery, or at least with their particular experience of it, that they simply ran away...Franklin and Schweninger argue convincingly that more than 50,000 (a conservative estimate) took flight each year...Numbers aside, what is impressive about these runaways is their sheer variety. Again and again, the authors offer a generalization--for instance, that young men were over-represented--and then swamp us with counter-examples...Many different kinds of men and women appear, but none who is docile, or cowed, or content."--John Shelton Reed, Times Literary Supplement "What a treat to read the engrossing, indeed astonishing, new book by John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger! Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation, 1790-1860 is destined to be a classic and will undoubtedly be well-received by the academic community and general readers alike. The scholarship is truly impressive and it is written in such accessible prose. This book should be on assigned reading lists for as long as we teach American History."--Darlene Clark Hine, co-author A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America "Meticulous, compassionate, and illuminating; John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger in Runaway Slaves have bequeathed to all Americans a modern masterpiece about White power, domination and resistance, and the Black will to be free."--Darlene Clark Hine, co-author, A Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America "By any manner of reckoning John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger have produced an extraordinary book about slavery that addresses, authoritatively and persuasively, the basic nature of the slave system...The overwhelming evidence presented in this richly detailed study should dispel, once and for all, the notion that runaway slaves were mere aberrations and that the slave South was a tranquil society inhabited by benevolent white masters and happy, loyal, good-natured blacks contented with their lots as slaves."--Willard B. Gatewood, Alumni Distinguished Professor of History, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville "A neglected dimension of slavery has finally been researched and revealed in full. An important study by one of the nation's major historians."--Sterling Stuckey, Professor of History, University of California, Riverside "This splendid book, full of human-interest accounts of escaped slaves, does more than demonstrate the prevalence of slave resistance by running away. By reflecting a bright, harsh light on the institution of bondage, Runaway Slaves expands our knowledge and understanding of slavery in the United States."--James M. McPherson, Professor of History, Princeton University, and author of Battle Cry of Freedom "Dr. John Hope Franklin and his colleague, Dr. Loren Schweninger, in writing this book have added a tremendous new dimension to our understanding of what slave life was really like in the American South. It does not cause one to lie down to pleasant dreams."--William F. Winter, Attorney, member of President Clinton's Race Initiative Advisory Board "A well-crafted and carefully researched account that opens a new window onto a dark and painful chapter in American history."--Kirkus Reviews "Scrupulously detailed."--Library Journal "Using documentation from broadsheets to diaries, the authors provide incredible details of who the runaways were, their motivations and destinations, and how their efforts failed or succeeded. Franklin and Schweninger provide very personal accounts, giving names and personalities to an aspect of U.S. slavery that is seldom portrayed and refuting the mythology of the contented slave."--Booklist "An important new book...Runaway Slaves compellingly documents the perseverance of thousands of African Americans who fought to be free."--Amy J. Kinsel, Seattle Times/Post Intellegencer "Provides an arsenal of ammunition to prove that the Old South was a war zone...The best book available on the struggle between slaves and their owners."--John David Smith, Columbus Ohio Dispatch "A well-documented study both refutes Ulrich B. Phillips' placating view of the antebellum plantation and answers recent historians' calls for clarification of the 'question of whether of not [slaves] 'actively resisted' the system...thorough and meticulous research provides a truly groundbreaking affirmation of slave resistance."--Journal of the American Studies Association of Texas