Table of Contents

Part 1 Metals: groups of metals - properties of metals, group 1 - the alkali metals, transition metals; extraction of metals -ores, reactivity series, reducing metal oxides, the blast furnace, turning iron into steel, rusting, extracting highly reactive metals; metals and eletrolysis - electrolysis, extracting aluminium, uses of aluminium, purifying copper; metals, acids and salts - neutralization, salts, bases and alkalis, making salts, carbonate and acid; further questions on metals. Part 2 The Earth and its resources: limestone - limestone - a useful rock, heating limestone, cement, glass, neutralizing acidic soil; oil - the story of oil, distillation of crude oil, fractional distillation in industry, cracking, burning fuels, pollution from fuels, plastics, getting rid of plastics; air and rocks - gases in the air, history of the atmosphere, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, igneous rocks; structure of the Earth - inside the Earth, drifting continents, moving plates, clues in the rock; further questions on the Earth and its resources. Part 3 Chemical reactions and their useful products: rates of reaction - measuring rates of reaction, looking at graphs, colliding particles, effect of concentration, effect of temperature, catalysts; enzymes - what is an enzyme?, fermentation; more uses of enzymes; more about reactions - energy and chemical reactions; useful exothermic reactions; reversible reactions; fertilizers - why we need fertilizers, the Haber process, making fertilizers, how much nitrogen?; further questions on chemical reactions and their useful products. Part 4 Chemical patterns and bonding: inside atoms - protons, neutrons and electrons, structure of the atom, atomic short-hand, isotopes; bonding - losing and gaining electrons, ionic bonding, sharing electrons, more covalent molecules, metals; the periodic table - history of the periodic table, the modern periodic table (includes group 1), group 7 - the halogens, group 0 - the noble gases; halides - sodium chloride, products from brine, silver halides; further questions on chemical patterns and bonding.