Table of Contents

About the Author xxi About LIDO xxiii Acknowledgments xxv Introduction: Understanding the Broadband Evolution xxix Part I Communications Fundamentals 1 Chapter 1: Telecommunications Technology Fundamentals 3

Transmission Lines 3

Types of Network Connections 11

The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Bandwidth 11

Analog and Digital Transmission 18

Multiplexing 23

Political and Regulatory Forces in Telecommunications 33

Chapter 2: Traditional Transmission Media 41

Twisted-Pair 44

Coaxial Cable 51

Microwave 54

Satellite 61

Fiber Optics 73

Chapter 3: Establishing Communications Channels 83

Establishing Connections: Networking Modes and Switching Modes 83

The PSTN Versus the Internet 100

Chapter 4: The PSTN 103

The PSTN Infrastructure 103

The Transport Network Infrastructure 114

Signaling Systems 129

Intelligent Networks 135

SS7 and Next-Generation Networks 138

Part II: Data Networking and the Internet 143 Chapter 5: Data Communications Basics 145

The Evolution of Data Communications 145

Data Flow 152

The OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Reference Model 165

Chapter 6: Local Area Networking 173

LAN Basics 173

LAN Characteristics 176

LAN Interconnection and Internetworking 187

Chapter 7: Wide Area Networking 201

Circuit-Switched Networks 203

Packet-Switched Networks 215

Chapter 8: The Internet and IP Infrastructures 245

Internet Basics 245

Internet Addressing and Address Resolution 268

The Organization of the Internet 284

IP QoS 295

What’s Next on the Internet 303

Part III: The New Generation of Networks 309 Chapter 9: IP Services 311

The Evolution to IP Services 311

IPT 313

IPTV 342

VPNs 345

Chapter 10: Next-Generation Networks 383

The Broadband Evolution 384

Multimedia Networking Requirements 389

The Broadband Infrastructure 409

Next-Generation Networks and Convergence 411

The Next-Generation Network Infrastructure 418

Chapter 11: Optical Networking 451

Optical Networking Today and Tomorrow 451

End-to-End Optical Networking 456

The Optical Edge 471

The Optical Core: Overlay Versus Peer-to-Peer Networking Models 473

The IP+Optical Control Plane 483

The Migration to Optical Networking 488

Chapter 12: Broadband Access Alternatives 489

Drivers of Broadband Access 489

DSL Technology 492

Cable TV Networks 509

Fiber Solutions 522

Wireless Broadband 529

Broadband PLT 530

HANs 534

Part IV: Wireless Communications 547 Chapter 13: Wireless Communications Basics 549

A Brief History of Wireless Telecommunications 550

Wireless Communications Regulations Issues 553

Wireless Impairments 554

Antennas 556

Wireless Bandwidth 560

Wireless Signal Modulation 560

Spectrum Utilization 563

Chapter 14: Wireless WANs 579

1G: Analog Transmission 581

2G: Digital Cellular Radio 586

2.5G: Enhanced Data Services 592

3G: Moving Toward Broadband Wireless 597

Beyond 3G 611

4G: Wireless Broadband 612

5G: Intelligent Technologies 614

Chapter 15: WMANs, WLANs, and WPANs 617

WMANs 618

WLANs 638

PANs 660

Chapter 16: Emerging Wireless Applications 687

The Handset Revolution 688

Mobile IP 693

The IP Multimedia Subsystem 696

Mobile Gaming 702

Mobile Video 706

Mobile TV 707

Mobile Content 712

Glossary 715 Index 819

Promotional Information

If you are new to the communications and information industry, or if you simply want an understandable yet comprehensive overview of telecommunications, this book is for you. Telecommunications Essentials will equip you with a blueprint on which you can build. The telecommunications landscape is vast; for a newcomer, it is treacherous terrain to navigate. This book provides you with a logical progression in gluing together all the pieces of the telecommunications puzzle. It helps you master the basic building blocks of key technologies, from the principles of telecommunications transmission and networking to the current and evolving nature of the Internet, broadband architecture, and optical networking, addressing both wired and wireless alternatives.

About the Author

Lillian Goleniewski is Founder and President of the LIDO Organization, Inc., an internationally acclaimed provider of education, information, and advisory services in the area of telecommunications technologies, services and networks.

Ms. Goleniewski lectures extensively on telecommunications technology and management topics throughout the world. She is the author and creator of LIDO Telecommunications Essentials® (www.telecomessentials.com). Ms. Goleniewski’s seminars and eLearning series have been conducted on an international basis since 1984, and are offered throughout Asia, Australia/New Zealand, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and South America.

Prior to forming the LIDO Organization, Ms. Goleniewski held the position of telecommunications operations manager at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), the research and development arm of the U.S. utility industry. Before joining EPRI, Ms. Goleniewski was vice-president of operations for a San Francisco-based telecommunications consulting firm.

Ms. Goleniewski graduated Phi Beta Kappa and Summa Cum Laude from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. She holds a B.A. in psychology and has completed numerous post-graduate studies in information technologies as well as psychology. Ms. Goleniewski was the recipient of a NSF Award to conduct research in the area of human perception and information processing.