Table of Contents

Notes on Contributors ix

Introduction: Mapping and Opening Up the Terrain 1
David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Holly J. McCammon PART 1 FACILITATIVE AND CONSTRAINING CONTEXTS AND CONDITIONS 17

1 The Political Context of Social Movements 19
Doug McAdam and Sidney Tarrow

2 The Role of Threat in Collective Action 43
Paul D. Almeida

3 The Cultural Context of Social Movements 63
James M. Jasper and Francesca Polletta

4 The Resource Context of Social Movements 79
Bob Edwards, John D. McCarthy, and Dane R. Mataic

5 The Ecological and Spatial Contexts of Social Movements 98
Yang Zhang and Dingxin Zhao

6 Social Movements and Transnational Context: Institutions,
Strategies, and Conflicts 115
Clifford Bob

7 Social Movements and Mass Media in a Global Context 131
Deana A. Rohlinger and Catherine Corrigall ]Brown PART II SOCIAL MOVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS, FIELDS, AND DYNAMICS 149

8 Networks and Fields 151
Nick Crossley and Mario Diani

9 Social Movement Organizations 167
Edward T. Walker and Andrew W. Martin

10 Bringing Leadership Back In 185
Marshall Ganz and Elizabeth McKenna

11 How Social Movements Interact with Organizations and Fields: Protest, Institutions, and Beyond 203
Fabio Rojas and Brayden G. King

12 Infighting and Insurrection 220
Amin Ghaziani and Kelsy Kretschmer

13 Diffusion Processes Within and Across Movements 236
Sarah A. Soule and Conny Roggeband

14 Coalitions and the Organization of Collective Action 252
Megan E. Brooker and David S. Meyer PART III SOCIAL MOVEMENT STRATEGIES AND TACTICS 269

15 Tactics and Strategic Action 271
Brian Doherty and Graeme Hayes

16 Technology and Social Media 289
Jennifer Earl

17 Social Movements and Litigation 306
Steven A. Boutcher and Holly J. McCammon

18 Social Movements in Interaction with Political Parties 322
Swen Hutter, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Jasmine Lorenzini

19 Violence vs Nonviolence as Strategic Alternatives 338
Kurt Schock and Chares Demetriou

20 Art and Social Movements 354
Lilian Mathieu PART IV MICROSTRUCTURAL AND SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS 369

21 Individual Participation in Street Demonstrations 371
Jacquelien Van Stekelenburg, Bert Klandermans, and Stefaan Walgrave

22 The Framing Perspective on Social Movements: Its Conceptual Roots and Architecture 392
David A. Snow, Rens Vliegenthart, and Pauline Ketelaars

23 Emotions in Social Movements 411
Justin Van Ness and Erika Summers ]Effler

24 Collective Identity in Social Movements: Assessing the Limits of a Theoretical Framework 429
Cristina Flesher Fominaya PART V CONSEQUENCES AND OUTCOMES 447

25 The Political Institutions, Processes, and Outcomes Movements Seek to Influence 449
Edwin Amenta, Kenneth T. Andrews, and Neal Caren

26 Economic Outcomes of Social Movements 466
Marco Giugni and Maria T. Grasso

27 The Cultural Outcomes of Social Movements 482
Nella Van Dyke and Verta Taylor

28 Biographical Consequences of Activism 499
Florence Passy and Gian ]Andrea Monsch PART VI THEMATIC INTERSECTIONS 515

29 Social Class and Social Movements 517
Barry Eidlin and Jasmine Kerrissey

30 Gender and Social Movements 537
Heather McKee Hurwitz and Alison Dahl Crossley

31 Race, Ethnicity, and Social Movements 553
Peter B. Owens, Rory McVeigh, and David Cunningham

32 Bringing the Study of Religion and Social Movements Together: Toward an Analytically Productive Intersection 571
David A. Snow and Kraig Beyerlein

33 Human Rights and Social Movements: From the Boomerang Pattern to a Sandwich Effect 586
Kiyoteru Tsutsui and Jackie Smith

34 Globalization and Social Movements 602
Massimiliano Andretta, Donatella Della Porta, and Clare Saunders

35 Political Extremism and Social Movements 618
Robert Futrell, Pete Simi, and Anna E. Tan

36 Nationalism, Nationalist Movements, and Social Movement Theory 635
Hank Johnston

37 War, Peace, and Social Movements 651
David S. Meyer and Sidney Tarrow

38 Authoritarian Regimes and Social Movements 666
Xi Chen and Dana M. Moss

39 Revolution and Social Movements 682
Jack A. Goldstone and Daniel P. Ritter

40 Terrorism and Social Movements 698
Colin J. Beck and Eric W. Schoon

Index

About the Author

DAVID A. SNOW, PhD, is Distinguished Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine, USA.SARAH A. SOULE, PhD, is the Morgridge Professor of Organizational Behavior at the Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, USA.HANSPETER KRIESI, PhD, holds the Stein Rokkan Chair in Comparative Politics at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and is the principal investigator of the ERC Advanced Grant, Political Conflict in the Shadow of the Great Recession.HOLLY J. MCCAMMON, PhD, is Cornelius Vanderbilt Professor of Sociology at Vanderbilt University, USA.