Table of Contents

Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes: lessons from natural studies of high-risk individuals 1
Natalie Nokoff and Marian Rewers

The role of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis 16
Lindsey E. Padgett, Katarzyna, A. Broniowska, Polly A. Hansen, John A. Corbett and Hubert M. Tse

Cardiovascular disease and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: now that the dust is settling from large clinical trials 36
Francesco Giorgino, Anna Leonardini and Luigi Laviola

Type 2 diabetes in South Asians: similarities and differences with white Caucasian and other populations 51
Unjali P. Guyral, R. Pradeepa, Mary Beth Weber, K.M. Venkat Narayan and V. Mohan

Type 2 diabetes in East Asians: similarities and differences with population in Europe and the United States 64
Ronald C.W. Ma and Juliana C.N. Chan

Islet β cell mass in diabetes and how it relates to function, birth, and death 92
Gordon C. Weir and Susan Bonner-Weir

Nanoalcoholic fatty liver disease: an emerging threat to obese and diabetic individuals 106
Howard C. Masuoka and Naga Chalasani

What is metabolic syndrome, and why are children getting it? 123
Ram Weiss, Andrew A. Bremer and Robert H. Lustig

Physical activity in obesity and metabolic syndrome 141
Barbara Strasser

Human adipose dynamics and metabolic health 160
Bin Feng, Tracy Zhang and Haiyan Xu

The genetics of human obesity 178
Qianghua Xia and Struan F.A. Grant

Managing obesity in primary care practice: a narrative review 191
Raymond Carvajal, Thomas A. Wadden, Adam G. Tsai, Katherine Peck and Caroline H. Moran

About the Author

Alvin C. Powers, M.D. is the Joe C. Davis Chair in Biomedical Science Professor, Medicine, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics. Director, Vanderbilt Diabetes Center. Director, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology.

Dr. Powers is a physician-scientist whose research on type 1 and type 2 diabetes focuses on pancreatic islet biology, development, and function. His research is or has been supported by the NIH, the VA Research Service, the JDRF, and the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Dr. Powers is also the Director of the Vanderbilt Medical Student Research Training Program in Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism and the Coordinator for the NIDDK Medical Student Research Program in Diabetes.